a preparation of killed or weakened microorganisms, inactivated toxins, or components of microorganisms that is administered to stimulate an immune response is called
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The preparation you are referring to is called a vaccine. It is designed to stimulate the body's immune system to produce an immune response to a specific pathogen, such as a virus or bacteria, without causing the disease.
Thus vaccines have been instrumental in preventing and eradicating numerous diseases, such as smallpox and polio, and continue to be an important tool in maintaining public health.
This process allows the body to build immunity to the pathogen, making it more capable of fighting off the actual disease if the person is later exposed to it. Vaccines have been instrumental in preventing and eradicating numerous diseases, such as smallpox and polio, and continue to be an important tool in maintaining public health.
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Related Questions
Why is average speed useful?
Answers
Answer:
Average speed measures the average rate of speed over the extent of a trip. Average speed is usually applied to vehicles like cars, trains, and airplanes.
Explanation:
how many molecules of ATP are produced during glycolysis
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Explanation:
2 molecules
Please help if you can :)
Answers
The cross between the parents is RR x GG and the offspring produced is RG, RG, RG, RG.
The genotype of Fawkes is RG.
The phenotype of Fawkes is Red-Gold.
What are codominant alleles?Alleles are alternate forms of a gene.
A gene that has two alleles may have the presence of one allele hiding the effect of the other allele. The alleles are said to be dominant and recessive respectively.
However, where the two alleles are both expressed when they are present, the alleles are said to be codominant.
The genotype of the phoenix Fawkes is given below as follows:
The genotype of the parents are as follows:
Father's genotype is RR
Mother's genotype is GG
R and G are codominant alleles
The cross between the parents is RR x GG
Offspring produced = RG, RG, RG, RG
Hence, the genotype of Fawkes is RG.
Since R and G are codominant alleles, the phenotype of Fawkes is Red-Gold.
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☝︎sorry I didn’t find science.
ANYWAYS-
1. Could the extinction of lions affect the grass population? Why or why not. EXPLAIN PLS（╹◡╹）♡ in a sentence to be specific ^^
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the opening in the iris through which light passes is the:
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Answer:
Pupil
Explanation:
analyzing concepts: the offspring of two short tailed cats have a 25% chance of having no tail, a 25% chance of having a long tail, and a 50% chance of having a short tail. using this information, what can you hypothesize about the genotypes of the parents and the way in which the tail length is inherited?
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The offspring shows an intermediate or blended phenotype. In the context of inheritance, the genotype can help predict the possible phenotype or the observable traits of the offspring.
25% of the offspring have a long tail. This outcome is possible only when one of the parents is carrying the allele for a long tail, which expresses the long tail trait. The allele for the short tail is unable to dominate the long tail allele, and therefore the phenotype of the long tail is expressed. Genotypes are the genetic makeup or the genetic constitution of an organism. Genotypes are inherited from the parents and can determine the characteristics of the offspring. The genotype represents the combination of alleles that an individual organism carries for a specific trait or a set of traits. The genotype can be homozygous, which means having the same allele pair for a particular trait, or heterozygous, which means having different alleles for the same trait.1. Genotypes of parents:
From the given data, we know that the offspring of two short-tailed cats have a 50% chance of having a short tail. It means that the genotype of at least one of the parents is “SS,” where “S” represents a short tail.The other parent can either be “SS” or “SL,” where “L” represents a long tail. It is because the offspring of two short-tailed cats have a 25% chance of having a long tail, which is only possible if one parent is carrying the allele for a long tail. Therefore, the genotype of parents can be SS x (SS or SL) or (SS or SL) x SS.2. Inheritance of tail length:
We can conclude that tail length is inherited as an incomplete dominance because the offspring of two short-tailed cats have a 25% chance of having no tail. This outcome is possible only when both parents are heterozygous for the tail length. Therefore, they both have one allele for a short tail and one allele for no tail. The heterozygous condition is also referred to as “incomplete dominance” because neither of the two alleles dominates the other allele.Learn more about genotype: https://brainly.com/question/902712
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whats a wave in science terms
Answers
Answer:
Definition of a Wave
Explanation:
a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point in a medium and that may take the form of an elastic deformation or of a variation of pressure, electric or magnetic intensity, electric potential, or temperature.
Please only answer if you know the answer
Will give 35 points
Answers
Answer:
there is no question ?!?
Explanation:
T/F: Anatomical thoracic inlet is bounded by T1 vertebral body, clavicles and superior border of the manubrium
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False. The T1 vertebral body does not bind the anatomical thoracic inlet.
It is actually bounded by the first rib, the superior border of the manubrium (part of the sternum), and the medial ends of the clavicles. The thoracic inlet, also known as the superior thoracic aperture, is the upper opening of the thoracic cavity. It is a passage for various structures between the neck and the thorax. The boundaries above create a triangular-shaped inlet through which important structures pass, including the trachea, esophagus, major blood vessels, and nerves.
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Is the fallowing true or false
An average star spends 90 percent of its life as a helium-burning main-sequence star?
Answers
Answer:false because the start must be the yellow star and other is can not make it true
Which body structures multiply and decompose daily as a multicellular organism grows?
A. cells
B. organs
C. tissues
D. systems
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Answer: Tissues
Explanation:
Tissues
Prior to any modifications in an eukaryote, a transcribed RNA can be called Choose the TWO correct answers.
O siRNA
O tRNA
O rRNA
O mRNA
O hnRNA
O pre-mRNA
O IncRNA
O sחRNA
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Prior to any modifications in an eukaryote, a transcribed RNA can be called hnRNA and pre-mRNA.
What is eukaryote ?
A eukaryote is a type of organism that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Therefore, Prior to any modifications in an eukaryote, a transcribed RNA can be called hnRNA and pre-mRNA.
hnRNA stands for heterogeneous nuclear RNA. It is the initial transcript of a gene that has not yet been processed. hnRNA contains exons and introns, which are later spliced out to form mRNA.pre-mRNA stands for precursor messenger RNA. It is the processed form of hnRNA that has had the introns removed. Pre-mRNA is then exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it is translated into protein.Learn more about eukaryote here : brainly.com/question/30584795
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which of the following pairs regarding the central nervous system (cns) and peripheral nervous system (pns) is mismatched? a. cns - protected by bone b. cns - brain and spinal cord c. pns - motor and sensory neurons d. pns - no normal microbiota e. cns - brain and peripheral nerves
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The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by the bones and is made up of brain and spinal cord. And, no normal microbiota is found in the CNS and the PNS. Thus, the correct options are C, and E.
What is CNS and PNS?The nervous system of humans is divided into two components: the central nervous system (CNS), which is made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
The CNS and PNS does not have normal microbiota due to the presence of blood-brain barrier in the nervous system which does not allow the movement of substances across the nervous system.
Therefore, the correct option is c and e.
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PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE HELP ME WITH THIS!! ONCE I FIGURE OUT HOW I'LL MARK BRAINLIEST (or however you spell it)!!
Answers
Answer:
1st segment: 3rd answer choice
2nd segment: 1st answer choice
3rd segment: 4th answer choice
4th segment: 2nd answer choice
5th segment: 5th answer choice
Domestic cats can begin reproducing as young as six months of age. Each female cat can produce two litters per year, containing multiple cats that can also begin reproducing early. What prediction can you make about an ecosystem in which cat populations are not controlled? Within a few years, the population of cats would increase slowly. Within a few years, there would be many starving cats. Rats and other small animals would initially suffer, but then quickly develop survival skills. A predator for the cats would rapidly appear to match the population growth.
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If cat populations are not controlled in an ecosystem, the prediction that can be made is within a few years, there would be many starving cats. Therefore, the correct option is B.
What is ecosystem?An ecosystem can be defined as a biological community where biotic as well as the abiotic factors of the environment interact.
In the problem given here, if cat populations are not controlled in an ecosystem, the prediction can be that within a few years, there would be many starving cats. This is because domestic cats can reproduce quickly and produce multiple litters per year.
This can result in an exponential increase in the cat population over time, due to which the available resources such as food and shelter will become limited. This can lead to competition for resources among the cats, which can result in starvation and malnutrition. Therefore, the correct option is B.
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The question is incomplete, but most probably the complete question is,
Domestic cats can begin reproducing as young as six months of age. Each female cat can produce two litters per year, containing multiple cats that can also begin reproducing early. What prediction can you make about an ecosystem in which cat populations are not controlled?
A. Within a few years, the population of cats would increase slowly.
B. Within a few years, there would be many starving cats.
C. Rats and other small animals would initially suffer, but then quickly develop survival skills.
D. A predator for the cats would rapidly appear to match the population growth.
Meteorologists want to design a system of instruments that will evaluate ocean air temperature and wind speed in order to predict catastrophic weather such as hurricane and cyclones what should they do before producing their first working system of instruments
Answers
Answer:
Build a prototype
Explanation:
A prototype may be defined as an early sample or a model or the release of the product that is built to test the concept or the process. It is generally made in use to evaluate some new design such as to enhance the precision by a system analysts and the users.
Thus in the context, a Meteorologists who wishes to design an instrument to evaluate the air temperature of the ocean and the speed of the wind so as to predict hurricanes and cyclones should first built a prototype of his concept and test the process before the production of the first working system.
How does shotgun cloning differ from the clone-by-clone method?.
Answers
No genetic or physical maps of the genome are needed to begin shotgun cloning and is much faster.
What is Shotgun cloning?
This is a method to duplicate genomic DNA in which it is smashed into small pieces and the fragments are then taken together and cloned into a vector.
This type of cloning however is faster as there are no genetic or physical maps needed to begin the process.
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17. Compare and contrast two of the following pairs: [6 marks] • RNA and DNA • DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase DNA and Chromosomes • replication and transcription • DNA replication in prokaryotes and DNA replication in eukaryotes . Pair #1 Different Same Different Pair #2 Different Same Different
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RNA and DNA are nucleic acids responsible for carrying genetic information, but they differ in their chemical structure, function, and location.
DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is single-stranded. DNA carries the genetic code for all living things, while RNA serves as a template for protein synthesis in cells. DNA is found in the nucleus of cells, while RNA can be found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm.
DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are enzymes responsible for synthesizing nucleic acid molecules, but they differ in their substrates, mechanisms, and functions. DNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA strands during DNA replication and repair, while RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA.
DNA polymerase requires a primer to initiate polymerization, while RNA polymerase does not. DNA polymerase can proofread and correct errors during replication, while RNA polymerase cannot.
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Drag each tile to the correct location.
Identify which questions can be answered through science and which cannot.
Is it right or wrong to use genetic
engineering to produce new food
products?
What are the most common social
settings that tend to produce
accomplished artists?
Do the types of organisms found in
the fossil record appear in consistent
sequences in different parts of
the world?
If a new gene is added to the genome
of a tomato species, will that species
be more resistant to insects?
Are Michelangelo's paintings more
impressive than Rembrandt's?
Should humans use biotechnology
to bring extinct organisms from the
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Answer:
What can be awnsered by science are question 1,3, and 4 (Going top from bottom). The rest cannot be answered by science. ((I'm not 100% but I'm pretty confident)))
Where are the ways that water vapor can re-enter the atmosphere?
A. Sublimation
B. Evaporation
C. Evapotranspiration
D. All of the above
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Nucleic Acids are responsible for the storage of?
Answers
Answer:
storage and expression of genetic information
Explanation:
Nucleic acid is an important class of macromolecules found in all cells and viruses. The functions of nucleic acids have to do with the storage and expression of genetic information.
Which would make for a weak claim?
• a blog cited as the source
• a large sample size
• clear variables and controls
• multiple trials
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Answer:
A
Explanation:
Blogs can have a lot of misinformation
Given their size and complexity, biological molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids can also be referred to as ____________.
Answers
Answer:
This question lacks options, the options are;
A. Enlarged molecules
B. Macromolecules
C. Inorganic molecules
The answer is B
Explanation:
As mentioned in this question, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the basic biomolecules found in nature. They are all polymeric substances, hence, are made up of smaller units called monomers.
Asides from being biomolecules, these four molecules are also referred to as MACROMOLECULES based on their large size and complex nature. Macromolecules are molecules that are relatively large in size composing of an aggregate of monomer. Hence, these biomolecules are macromolecules.
Calculate the population density for 30 an area of 3 km
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Answer:
10 people per Km
Explanation:
im smart
Nonrenewable resources, like fossil fuels, were produced through biological processes. truefasle
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
The large diversity of shapes of biological molecules is possible because of the extensive presence of _____ in the molecules. view available hint(s)for part a nitrogen carbon sulfur oxygen hydrogen
Answers
According to the research, the correct option is carbon. The large diversity of shapes of biological molecules is possible because of the extensive presence of carbon in the molecules.
What is carbon?It is an element with atomic number 6 that usually appears in the atmosphere, in living organisms and as a mineral characterized by the ability to give rise to chains.
Its molecular structure gives it the ability to form stable bonds with other elements, forming large biological molecules such as the molecule (DNA) that can contain all the necessary information on how to produce and maintain any organism.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is carbon. The large diversity of shapes of biological molecules is possible because of the extensive presence of carbon in the molecules.
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what anatomical feature is not present in omomyids and modern-day tarsiers?
Answers
The anatomical feature that is not present in omomyids and modern-day tarsiers is a fused mandibular symphysis.
What are Omomyids?
Omomyids are extinct primates that were alive around 55 million years ago in the Early Eocene epoch. They were the ancestors of tarsiers and were one of the first true primates. The morphology and anatomy of omomyids were similar to those of modern-day tarsiers and lemurs.
What are tarsiers?
Tarsiers are prosimian primates that are found in Southeast Asia. They are known for their large eyes, long legs, and unique ankle bones. Tarsiers are nocturnal animals that feed on insects and small vertebrates. They have the ability to turn their heads 180 degrees in both directions, which allows them to spot predators and prey quickly.
What is the mandibular symphysis?
The mandibular symphysis is the point where the two halves of the mandible (jaw bone) meet. In most primates, the mandibular symphysis is fused, which provides stability and strength to the jaw. However, in omomyids and modern-day tarsiers, the mandibular symphysis is not fused, which gives them more flexibility in their jaw movement and allows them to feed on insects and other small prey more efficiently.
The fused mandibular symphysis is an important anatomical feature that distinguishes tarsiers and omomyids from other primates. This feature has allowed tarsiers and omomyids to develop unique feeding strategies that are not present in other primates.
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What is the importance of crossing over and independent assortment in meiosis and justify how it affects variation in organisms?.
Answers
Meiosis increases genetic diversity Each gamete has a unique DNA set because of recombination and independent assortment during meiosis. The resultant zygote has a special set of genes as a result.
A overview of recombination (crossing over) in meiosis, which occurs during gamete creation, and the Law of Independent Assortment. When homologous chromosomes are joined together during meiosis, certain spots along each pair make contact with the other pair.
When compared to previously unidentified gene combinations, the consequences of independent assortment during meiosis lead to the creation of a large quantity of variety. Only when two genes are linked together or shared by the same chromosome can it occur. Additionally, it is unclear how maternal and paternal homologous chromosomes will be distributed among gametes.
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Fmea Assigned Of Flange Plate
Answers
FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) is a systematic approach used to identify and evaluate potential failures in a flange plate design or manufacturing process.
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured methodology utilized in various industries to proactively identify and assess potential failures and their impact. When applied to a flange plate, FMEA helps to anticipate and mitigate risks associated with its design, production, or usage.
In the first step of FMEA, a multidisciplinary team consisting of engineers, designers, quality specialists, and other relevant stakeholders is assembled. This team collaboratively identifies the potential failure modes for the flange plate. These failure modes could include issues like dimensional inaccuracies, material defects, improper sealing, or inadequate load-bearing capacity.
In the second step, each identified failure mode is analyzed in terms of its potential effects and severity. This involves evaluating the consequences of the failure mode on the performance, safety, functionality, and reliability of the flange plate. By assigning severity rankings, the team can prioritize their focus on the most critical failure modes that require immediate attention.
The third step involves assessing the likelihood or probability of each failure mode occurring and detecting it before it leads to a failure. This step considers factors such as historical data, engineering knowledge, statistical analysis, and testing results. The team assigns a ranking for each failure mode's occurrence and detection, enabling them to focus on the high-risk failure modes that have a higher chance of occurrence and lower chances of being detected.
By combining the severity, occurrence, and detection rankings, a Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated for each failure mode. This helps in prioritizing mitigation actions to reduce the overall risk associated with the flange plate. The team can then implement appropriate preventive measures, design modifications, process improvements, or additional testing to address the identified failure modes and reduce their likelihood and impact.
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complete the concept map to identify some of the enzymes involved in digestion including their source, the location in which they act, and the types of foods they digest. drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
Answers
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body. Digestive enzymes are responsible for breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
Some of the enzymes involved in digestion include:
Amylase - produced in the salivary glands and pancreas; acts in the mouth and small intestine to break down carbohydrates (starches and sugars).
Proteases - produced in the stomach and pancreas; act in the stomach and small intestine to break down proteins.
Lipases - produced in the pancreas; act in the small intestine to break down fats.
Maltase, lactase, and sucrase - produced in the small intestine; act to break down disaccharides (maltose, lactose, and sucrose) into monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, and galactose).
Nucleases - produced in the pancreas; act in the small intestine to break down nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
These enzymes act in specific locations in the digestive tract, and they digest specific types of food molecules. For example, amylase acts in the mouth and small intestine to digest carbohydrates, while proteases act in the stomach and small intestine to digest proteins.
Overall, the digestive process is complex and involves a variety of enzymes produced by different organs in the body. The breakdown of food into its constituent molecules is essential for the body to absorb the nutrients it needs for growth, repair, and energy.
Complete question-
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
| Enzyme | | Location | | Digests |
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
| Amylase | --> | Mouth (salivary | --> | Carbohydrates/ |
| | | glands), Small | | Starches |
| | | intestine | | |
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
| Protease/ | --> | Stomach, Small | --> | Proteins |
| Peptidase | | intestine | | |
| | | Pancreas (peptide | | |
| | | digestion) | | |
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
| Lipase | --> | Small intestine | --> | Fats |
| | | (pancreatic and | | |
| | | intestinal) | | |
| | | Salivary glands | | |
+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+ +-----------------------+
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