Alkenes can be converted into alcohols by acid-catalyzed addition of water.
a. True
b. False
Answers
The statement "Alkenes can be converted into alcohols by acid-catalyzed addition of water" is true because Acid-catalyzed addition of water, also known as hydration, is a common way to convert alkenes into alcohols.
The reaction involves the addition of a water molecule across the carbon-carbon double bond of the alkene, forming an alcohol.
The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, which protonates the alkene to make it more reactive towards nucleophilic attack by the water molecule.
This reaction is a well-known addition reaction and is used extensively in organic chemistry for the synthesis of alcohols.
It is an important reaction for the industrial production of alcohols from alkenes, especially in the case of simple alkenes like ethene, which can be hydrated to produce ethanol. This reaction is also used in the production of various chemicals, including plastics, solvents, and detergents.
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Related Questions
What specific accommodations or technological advancements will be needed to make the mission successful?
Answers
Specific accommodations and technological advancements needed for a successful moon mission include radiation shielding, advanced life support systems, reliable communication systems, and improved propulsion technology.
Why is radiation shielding important for a moon mission?Radiation shielding is important for a moon mission because the moon has little to no atmosphere, which means that astronauts are exposed to high levels of radiation from cosmic rays and solar flares. Therefore, effective shielding is needed to protect the crew and equipment from radiation damage.
What is an example of improved propulsion technology that could benefit a moon mission?One example of improved propulsion technology that could benefit a moon mission is the development of electric propulsion systems, which are more efficient and can provide longer periods of thrust than traditional chemical rockets. Electric propulsion can also reduce the amount of fuel needed for a mission, which can lower costs and increase payload capacity.
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weaving nearly died out because factories can make fabrics faster than people who create them by hand. question 2 options:
true OR false
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
A hand weavers would take much more time in their craft than large factories did, their industry began to decline and be replaced by industrial machines.
what is 10 times 10
Answers
Answer:
\(\huge{\textbf{\textsf{{\color{skyblue}{An}}{\blue{sw}}{\red{er}}{\color{red}{:}}}}}\)
10 times 10
\(10 \times 10 \\ = 100\)
100 is the correct answer.
Answer:
\({\boxed{\boxed{\tt { ⎆ Answer :- }}}} \ \)
⏩ \(10 \: \: times \: \: 10 \\ = 10 \times 10 \\ = 100\)
ʰᵒᵖᵉ ⁱᵗ ʰᵉˡᵖˢ
\( GuMiHo \) ❦
3. Predict what you would have isolated had we started this reaction with p-tert-butylphenol in place of 4-methylphenol?
Initial reaction was 4-methylphenol with tert-butyl alcohol, H2SO4,and HOAc yielding Butylated hydroxytoulene(BHT)
4. Show the starting materials you would have used to prepare 4-bromo-2,6-di(tertbutyl) phenol using a Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
Answers
If we started the reaction with p-tert-butylphenol instead of 4-methylphenol, we would have isolated p-tert-butylphenol tert-butyl ether as the product.
To prepare 4-bromo-2,6-di(tertbutyl) phenol using a Friedel-Crafts alkylation, we would start with 4-bromo-2,6-di(tertbutyl)phenol and react it with an alkylating agent such as tert-butyl chloride in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride. The reaction would proceed through a Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism, resulting in the substitution of a tert-butyl group for the bromine atom on the aromatic ring. The product would be 4-tert-butyl-2,6-di(tertbutyl)phenol.
If the initial reaction started with p-tert-butylphenol instead of 4-methylphenol, you would have isolated p-tert-butyl-BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene). The starting materials for preparing 4-bromo-2,6-di(tert-butyl)phenol using a Friedel-Crafts alkylation would be 1,3-dibromobenzene, tert-butyl chloride, and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) as the catalyst.
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A sample has an atomic number is 18 and atomic mass 33, what is the number of neutrons?
Answers
Answer:
15 neutrons
Explanation:
the atomic mass shows the amount of neutrons and protons added together
the atomic number shows us how many protons they are (you can also find out how many electrons a element has by looking at its atomic number as it will have the same amount of protons)
so to find the amount of neutrons the sample has you have you subtract the atomic number which is the amount of protons from the mass number which tells us the amount of neutrons and protons added together but we only need the neutrons that's why we subtract it
33-18=15
potassium iodide compound is represented by which formula?
A)
Ky!
B)
Kyl2
КІ
D)
KI2
Answers
Answer:
KI is the formula for potassium iodide
Explanation:
hope this helpssss :D
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when a soap film gets *very* thin, down to a molecular lengths scale, its reflection across the entire visible spectrum becomes zero. why?
Answers
A soap film is thin enough to exhibit interference of light, meaning that the light waves passing through it can reinforce or cancel each other out.
When the thickness of the soap film decreases to a molecular scale, the film acts as a thin-film interferometer and the reflection across the entire visible spectrum becomes zero.
Because the light waves passing through the front and back surfaces of the film interfere destructively, leading to zero reflection. This condition is known as the "minimum reflection" and is used to accurately measure the thickness of thin films.
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What conditions should Muscarinic Agonists NOT be used with?
Answers
Muscarinic agonists are a class of drugs that stimulate the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system by binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
They should not be used in patients with certain medical conditions such as glaucoma, urinary tract obstruction, or gastrointestinal obstruction. In glaucoma, muscarinic agonists can cause pupil constriction and increase intraocular pressure, worsening the condition.
In urinary or gastrointestinal obstruction, muscarinic agonists can increase smooth muscle contraction, exacerbating the obstruction.
Muscarinic agonists should also be used with caution in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as they can cause bronchoconstriction and worsen respiratory symptoms. Patients with a history of allergy to muscarinic agonists should also avoid these drugs.
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which of the following statement(s) is/are true about chemical kinetics? group of answer choices chemical kinetics shows the transfer of energy in the form of heat and/or work. chemical kinetics is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with the direction in which a process occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. a reaction rate law must match the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation reaction rate can be defined as the decrease in the concentrations of reactants with time. chemical kinetics is the study of the rates of reactions.
Answers
The following two statements are true about chemical kinetics.
1. Chemical kinetics is the study of the rate of reactions.
2. A reaction rate can be defined as the decrease in the concentrations of reactants with time.
Chemical kinetics deals with the study of rate of chemical reactions. Rate of reaction is defined as the measure of the change in concentration of the reactants or the change in concentration of the products per unit time.
The reaction rates decrease with time because reactant concentrations decrease as reactants are converted to products. The rate decreases as the reaction proceeds.
A→B
A= reactant rate of reaction =-\(\frac{d[A]}{dt}\)
B=product rate of reaction=+\(\frac{d[B]}{dt}\)
This means that the concentration of 'A' decrease with respect to time. It can also be noted by measuring the increase in the Concentration of B with the passage of time.
Negative sign indicates the conc. of reactants decreases with time
Positive sign indicates that conc. of product increases with the passage of time .Remember rate of reaction always positive.
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A gas has a pressure of 0.75 liters at a pressure of 2.3 X 10 ^4atm. The gas
eventually comes to a pressure of 24.0 atm. What is the volume of the gas after
the explosion?
Answers
Using the formula P₁V₁ = P₂V₂, where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume, we can solve for V₂.
Given:
P₁ = 2.3 x 10^4 atm
V₁ = 0.75 liters
P₂ = 24.0 atm
Using the formula:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
Substituting the values:
(2.3 x 10^4) * 0.75 = (24.0) * V₂
Now we can solve for V₂:
V₂ = (2.3 x 10^4 * 0.75) / 24.0
Performing the calculations, the volume of the gas after the explosion is the result of the above expression.
The equation below shows the decomposition of lead nitrate. How many grams of lead (II) oxide are also produced when 20.5 g NO2 is formed?
Answers
Answer:
ligma
Explanation:
The Statue of Liberty is made out of copper and was once shiny and copper-colored. Over the years, the copper has gone through a process called oxidation, where it has changed into a new material. What has occurred? an endothermic reaction an energy formation a chemical reaction a precipitate formation
Answers
Answer:
C. A chemical reaction.
Explanation:
A chemical reaction can be defined as a chemical process which typically involves the transformation or rearrangement of the atomic, ionic or molecular structure of an element through the breakdown and formation of chemical bonds to produce a new compound or substance.
Since the Statue of Liberty is made out of copper and was once shiny and copper-colored. Over the years, the copper has gone through a process called oxidation, where it has changed into a new material. Thus, this is a chemical reaction.
In this case, occurred a CHEMICAL REACTION known as oxidation.
What is a chemical reaction?A chemical reaction is a process where one or more substances called reactants can react to be converted into one or more products.
The process of oxidation is a type of chemical reaction where a specific element/atom (i.e., the reactant) loses its electrons. This chemical reaction (oxidation) is always combined with another chemical reaction known as 'reduction' in which an element/atom gains electrons.In conclusion, in this case, occurred a CHEMICAL REACTION known as oxidation.
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Read this document. Explain why continued research and the use of new technology are important in the development and commercialization of potentially useful natural products. Justify your explanation by citing evidence from the reading passage. Use at least three examples.
Polymers are large molecules that are made of repeating units called monomers. There are two types of polymers, natural and synthetic. Natural polymers include rubber, wool, and silk, DNA, starch, and cellulose. Synthetic, or human-made, polymers include polystyrene foam, nylon, polyethylene, and vulcanized rubber. Different polymers have different properties that make them useful in many ways.
polymers. The institute aims to develop new material technologies and improve existing processes to maximize the performance of polymers. Its commitment to continued research and the use of new technology in the development and commercialization of polymer products has enabled the institute to provide solutions for many clients from different industries. The institute’s solutions include rapid prototyping. They use 3-D printers and laser guns to build or rework a prototype. This lessens the time for the production or reworking of the prototype and, therefore, shortens the engineering design process. They have used these tools to produce rocket parts for the Space Cowboys, a team at the institute that gives students an opportunity to help build rockets. The institute has also used these tools in collaboration with Zavation, a company that designs medical devices and tests the efficiency of their devices by asking doctors to test their prototypes. This is a lengthy process because it takes time to produce prototypes for testing. Using the 3-D printer allowed the company to quickly provide doctors with spinal implant prototypes. Zavation was able to evaluate the design of the implant and, as a result, proceed with its manufacture. The institute also tests materials that have polymer components. For example, a film company had only 28 days to do biodegradation tests on their new polymer film. Traditional testing would have taken longer than that, so the institute built a UV-exposure chamber that could test larger amounts of film. This helped the film company do their test quickly and efficiently. Giving their clients an operational edge is another way the Mississippi Polymer Institute assists manufacturing companies. They help improve companies’ performance, processes, and profitability. In the case of GE Aviation, for example, they trained future and present employees of the plant on advanced composite manufacturing technologies. This helped employees understand the materials they worked with and kept them safe while they assembled these materials. The Mississippi Polymer Institute was founded in 1993 to grow the high-tech polymer business in the state. It has played an important role in the industry’s growth and has helped create more than 14,000 jobs. Today, the institute continues to make important contributions to the economic development of the state, assisting businesses and entrepreneurs alike with specialized services and scientific expertise.
Answers
Answer:
When Polymers are together than they make Monomers, polymers are large molecules. Natural Polymers and Synthetic Polymers are two types of Polymers. They are use for different things.
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
Polymers come in two varieties: natural polymers as well as synthetic polymers. The term "polymer" refers to a monomer unit count that is not stated.
What is polymer?A polymer is any one of a group of artificial or organic compounds that is made up of very massive molecules known as macromolecules, that are the multiple copies of monomers, the more basic chemical building blocks. The living things are made of a variety of materials, including polymers.
The term "polymer" refers to a monomer unit count that is not stated. The substance is occasionally referred as a large polymer when the number of monomers is extremely high. Monomers of same molecular weight, shape, or chemical makeup are not required for polymers to form. Polymers come in two varieties: natural polymers as well as synthetic polymers.
Therefore, polymers come in two varieties: natural polymers as well as synthetic polymers.
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Choose the gas that probably shows the greatest deviation from ideal gas behavior at stp. Responses a. Argon argon b. Oxygen oxygen c. Sulfur tetraflouride sulfur tetraflouride d. Sillicon tetrahydride
Answers
At Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), the gas that shows the greatest deviation from ideal gas behavior is Sulfur Tetrafluoride (SF4).
An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of many randomly moving point particles that are not subject to interparticle interactions. The ideal gas concept is useful because it obeys the ideal gas law, a simplified equation of state, and is amenable to analysis under statistical mechanics.An ideal gas is defined as one for which both the volume of molecules and forces between the molecules are so small that they have no effect on the behavior of the gas.
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Which process releases energy?
a. freezing
b. sublimation
c. condensation
d. evaporation
Answers
The process that releases energy is "condensation." Condensation is the process by which a gas or vapor changes phase into a liquid when it loses energy (heat).
As the gas molecules lose energy, they move closer together, and intermolecular forces cause them to form a liquid.
During condensation, energy is released into the surrounding environment in the form of heat. This energy is the same as the energy that was added to the substance during the process of evaporation, which is the opposite of condensation.
Freezing and sublimation are processes that require energy input, while evaporation is a process that involves energy absorption or input.
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Why does gravitational force vary between objects?
Answers
Answer:
Gravitational force varies between objects due to differences in their mass and distance from each other.
Explanation:
the force of attraction between two objects is directly proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This means that as the mass of an object increases, so does the gravitational force it exerts on other objects, and as the distance between two objects increases, the gravitational force decreases.
Answer:
The size of the gravitational force is proportional to the masses of the objects and weakens as the distance between them increases.
Why does lithium have a higher ionization energy compared to sodium?
Answers
Answer:
There are 11 protons in a sodium atom but only 3 in a lithium atom, so the nuclear charge is much greater. ... The only factor left is the extra distance between the outer electron and the nucleus in sodium's case. That lowers the ionization energy.
Help!! due tomorrow
.
Answers
Answer:
It's B. The molecules in the system have more kinetic energy than a solid.
1. Writing: Structure of starch and
glycogen. Orally: Structure and biological role. Other
polysaccharides.
2. Writing: β - oxidation of fatty acids: reactions. Orally: Fat
catabolism in tissues.
Answers
Starch and glycogen are two important polysaccharides with similar structures and biological roles. Both serve as energy storage molecules in plants and animals, respectively. The β-oxidation of fatty acids is a series of reactions involved in the catabolism of fats, providing a significant source of energy for various tissues in the body.
Starch and glycogen are polysaccharides composed of glucose units. Starch is primarily found in plants, while glycogen is the main storage polysaccharide in animals. Both have a branched structure with α-1,4-glycosidic bonds forming the main chain and α-1,6-glycosidic bonds creating branches. This structure allows for efficient storage and quick release of glucose during energy-demanding processes.
Starch and glycogen serve as energy reserves in their respective organisms. Plants store excess glucose in the form of starch in their leaves, stems, and roots, which can be broken down when energy is needed. In animals, glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles and can be rapidly converted back to glucose to fuel metabolic activities.
The β-oxidation of fatty acids is a crucial metabolic pathway involved in the breakdown of fats. It takes place in the mitochondria and involves a series of reactions that sequentially remove two-carbon units from the fatty acid chain. These units are converted into acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle to generate ATP, the primary energy currency of the cell. β-oxidation is an essential process for tissues that rely on fatty acids as a significant source of energy, such as skeletal muscle and the heart.
Overall, understanding the structure and biological roles of starch, glycogen, and the β-oxidation pathway provides insights into how organisms store and utilize energy in the form of carbohydrates and fats.
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5. Juan's car gets an average of 24 miles per gallon of gas. How far can Juan go on
1 quart of gas?
Answers
Claim: Earth's atmospheric CO2 levels were measured over the past 1000 years and correlated with average world temperatures. The data demostrate that Earth's temperature did not change during the period CO2 levels were steady. But the past 100 years show a dramatic rise in CO2 levels, with a corresponding rise in world temperatures. The CO2 rise can be traced back to the start of the industrial revolution, when machines began doing much of the work. These machine burn fossil fuels and the increased CO2 levels have led to a dramatic rise in world temperatures. The data clearly show the importance of reducing fossil fuel useage, as well as other CO2 emitters. A world of incresing temperatures will lead to greater natural disasters, such as storms, flooding, hurricanes, and drought - all of which upset the ecological balance of the planet.
Answer: 6 miles
Explanation:
(1 gallon/4 quarts)*(1 quart)*(24 miles/gallon)= 6 miles
Do you think the offspring of the hydra and the salamander are genetically identical or not genetically identical to the parents? Support your argument with evidence.
Answers
Moreover, sexual reproduction involves combining half of each parent's genetic information to create a unique set of genes in the offspring. Since hydras reproduce through budding (where an individual can produce genetically identical clones), they do not undergo sexual reproduction. On the other hand, salamanders reproduce sexually, so their offspring receive a unique combination of genes from both parents.
Therefore, even if it were possible for a hybridization event between these two organisms to occur (which is highly unlikely due to their biological differences), their offspring would inherit new combinations of genes that are distinct from those found in either parent species; thus making them not genetically identical but rather hybrids with unique genome arrangements reflecting characteristics from both lineages.
the following reaction takes place at high temperatures. solid chromium(iii) oxide reacts with liquid aluminum to give liquid chromium and liquid aluminum oxide.
Answers
When solid chromium(III) oxide reacts with liquid aluminium to give liquid chromium and liquid aluminium oxide at high temperature, the balanced chemical equation of the reaction including the states of matter can be written as :
Cr₂O₃(s) + 2Al(l) → 2Cr(l) + Al₂O₃(l)
This reaction occurs at high temperature because the reactivity is increased under this condition.The liquid aluminium is oxidized to form liquid aluminum oxide and the solid chromium(III) oxide is reduced to form liquid chromium.
Chromium(III) oxide is amphoteric in nature and insoluble in water. If it is reacted with aluminium, it gets reduced to the chromium metal. It is a type of simple replacement reaction as Chromium metal is replaced by the aluminium. It is an example of displacement reaction.
Correct question is -
The following reaction takes place at high temperatures. solid chromium(III) oxide reacts with liquid aluminum to give liquid chromium and liquid aluminum oxide. Write the balanced chemical equation (includes the states of matter).
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what is easier to separate a mixture or a compound
Answers
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically combined and can be separated using various physical methods based on the differences in their physical properties.
On the other hand, a compound is a substance composed of two or more elements chemically bonded together in fixed proportions. Compounds have specific chemical properties that are different from the properties of their constituent elements. Separating a compound typically requires breaking the chemical bonds between the elements, which often involves chemical reactions. This process can be more complex and may require more specialized techniques, such as electrolysis or chemical decomposition.
However, it's important to note that the ease of separation depends on the specific mixture or compound involved and the properties of the substances. Some mixtures can be challenging to separate if the components have similar properties, while some compounds may have weak bonds or undergo reversible reactions that facilitate separation.
In summary, due to the physical nature of mixtures and the ability to exploit the differences in physical properties, separating mixtures is generally easier compared to separating compounds, which often require breaking chemical bonds.
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What is the difference, on a molecular level, between a gas, liquid, and solid
Answers
Put the rules in order, first rule up top.
FIRST RULE
= Balance Oxygen
= Write down the elements
= Balance Hydrogen
= Balance non-metals
Balance metals
Answers
Answer:
Write down the elementsBalance MetalsBalance Non- metalsBalance OxygenBalance Hydrogen.
how does tungsten most common isotope relate to the average atomic mass of the element
Answers
Answer:
It has the most quantitative effect on the average atomic mass of the element.
Explanation:
Tungsten's most common isotope will have the most quantitative effect on the average atomic mass.
The most common isotope of tungsten will represent its most abundant isotope.
The proportion by which each element occurs in nature is the geonormal abundance. The geonormal abundance is used to calculate the average atomic mass.The isotope with the most geonormal abundance will have the highest effect on the average atomic mass of an element.
Which statement best describes a mole?
It is 12 units of a given substance.
It contains 6.02 Times. 1023 grams of sodium chloride.
It is the mass of 12 carbon atoms.
It contains 6.02 Times. 1023 particles of a given substance.
Answers
Best describes a mole is it contains 6.02×10²³ particles of a given substance
Mole is the amount of substance that contain the same number of elementary entities and according to the Avogadro's law number of elementary entities in the substance is 6.02×10²³ and these elementary entities could be atoms, ions, molecules etc and we use the mole to express the amount of substances and one mole of any substance is the equal to its atomic mass and molecular mass which is expressed in gram and the number of particles present in one mole of any substance is 6.02×10²³
Therefore the statement which is correct for mole is it contains 6.02×10²³ particles of a given substance
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A thin layer of radioactive copper is deposited onto the end of a long copper bar and the sample is annealed at fixed temperature for 10 h. The bar is then cut into 1 mm thick disks perpendicular to the diffusion direction and the quantity of radioactive copper in each is measured using a device similar to a Geiger counter. The detector measured It counts/(min m²) and I2 = 500 counts/(min m²) for disks taken from x₁ = mm from the end of the bar. Calculate the self-diffusivity (D) of copper assuming that the count rate is proportional to the concentration of the radioactive isotope. (Hint: infinite source 5000 diffusion follows) 100 mm and x2 = 400 c(x, t) = -²/4Dt 9 2√√RDI
Answers
The self-diffusivity (D) of copper can be calculated by using the given data and the equation c(x, t) = (x²/4Dt) * (√(R/D) - 1).
The equation c(x, t) = (x²/4Dt) * (√(R/D) - 1) relates the concentration of the radioactive isotope of copper (c) at a distance (x) from the end of the bar to the self-diffusivity (D) of copper and the annealing time (t).
I₁ = It counts/(min m²)
= 500 counts/(min m²)
I₂ = 500 counts/(min m²)
x₁ = mm
x₂ = 400 mm
t = 10 hours
= 600 minutes
We can use the given equation with the measured counts (I₁ and I₂) to calculate the ratio R/D.
R/D = (I₂/I₁)²
Substituting the values:
R/D = (500/500)²
= 1
We may now rearrange the equation to find D:
D = (x²/4ct) * (√(R/D) - 1)
Substituting the known values:
D = (x₁²/4ct) * (√(1/D) - 1)
= (x₁²/4ct) * (√(1/D) - 1)
Substituting the given values:
x₁ = mm
= 0.001 m
t = 10 hours
= 600 minutes
D = (0.001²/4 * 0.001 * 600) * (√(1/D) - 1)
= 1.6667 * (√(1/D) - 1)
To determine the value of D, we can numerically solve this equation. By substituting different values for D and iterating until the equation is satisfied, we can determine the self-diffusivity of copper.
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The pharmacy stocks nitroglycerin 2% ointment. How many grams of this ointment should be mixed with an ointment base to obtain 100 grams of an ointment with a concentration of 0.2% ? (round answer to nearest whole number, if needed) Your Answer:
Answers
1000 grams of nitroglycerin 2% ointment should be mixed with the ointment base to obtain 100 grams of an ointment with a concentration of 0.2%.
To determine the amount of nitroglycerin 2% ointment needed to mix with an ointment base to obtain 100 grams of an ointment with a concentration of 0.2%, we can use the concept of a proportion.
Let's set up the proportion:
(grams of nitroglycerin 2% ointment) / 2% = 100 grams / 0.2%
To solve for the grams of nitroglycerin 2% ointment, we can cross-multiply and then divide:
(grams of nitroglycerin 2% ointment) = (2% / 0.2%) * 100 grams
Calculating the right side of the equation:
(grams of nitroglycerin 2% ointment) = (2 / 0.2) * 100 grams
= 10 * 100 grams
= 1000 grams
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16) How many grams are in 1.2 x 1024 molecules of CO?
a. 28
b. 6.02
c. 56
d. 1.2
Answers
Answer:
c. 56
Explanation:
Convert molecules --> moles --> grams
1.2 x 1024 molecules CO * 1 mol/6.022 x 1023 molecules * 28.01 g/1 mol = 55.8153438
Rounded is 56
Let me know if you need further explanation!!