2 Which of these ions will move to the positive electrode and which
will move to the negative electrode in a circuit like the one shown
in Figure 2?
lithium ions chloride ions bromide ions
calcium ions sodium ions zinc ions
oxide ions
iodide ions barium ions (4 marks)

please give brainliest

Answer:

Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. It acts as a barrier that must be overcome for reactant molecules to transform into products. In other words, it is the energy input necessary to break the bonds of the reactant molecules and initiate the reaction.

The role of activation energy is crucial in determining the rate of a chemical reaction. Reactions with lower activation energy proceed more quickly because a higher proportion of reactant molecules have sufficient energy to overcome the activation barrier. On the other hand, reactions with higher activation energy have a slower rate since only a small fraction of reactant molecules possess the required energy.

An example of activation energy can be seen in the combustion of methane (CH4) in the presence of oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). This reaction requires an ignition source, such as a spark or flame, to supply the activation energy. Once the initial activation energy is provided, the reaction proceeds exothermically, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.

Without the activation energy, the reactant molecules would remain stable and the reaction would not occur spontaneously. Activation energy ensures that reactions proceed at appropriate rates and provides a control mechanism for chemical transformations.

Answer:

SnO₂

Explanation:

if its not please let me know!

Answer:

Sn02

Explanation:

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Answer:

Ionic bonding happens when an atom of an element gives one or more of its electrons to the other element's atom..it usually takes place between metal and non metal atoms...like in NaCl, Na gives its valence electron to chlorine and completes its own octet. Chlorine accepts the electron and completes its own octet too...but now both the atoms have an opposing charge and hence they attract each other to form an IONIC bond.

Ionic bonds are the strongest of the bonds...here complete transfer of electrons takes place unlike covalent bonds.

HOPE IT HELPED..

:)

Answer:

The electrostatic interaction between an anion and cation

For the compound Fe2(CrO4)3, the solubility product expression can be written as: Ksp = [Fe3+]2[CrO42-]3

The solubility product is a measure of the concentration of ions in a solution at equilibrium, and is represented by the product of the concentrations of the ions in the solution. This expression shows the equilibrium concentrations of the iron and chromate ions in solution, and how they affect the solubility of the compound. If the concentration of either ion is increased, the solubility product will increase and the compound will become more soluble.

Conversely, if the concentration of either ion is decreased, the solubility product will decrease and the compound will become less soluble. By understanding the solubility product of Fe2(CrO4)3, chemists can predict and control the solubility of this compound in various environments.

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In any chemical reaction, the mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants. The mass of product B is the same as the combined mass of Reactant A and H₂O.

Answer:

sh5barch shougi

Explanation:

The tonicity of each solution, with respect to body fluids, is listed below:

a) 0.45 percent NaCl solution: hypotonic solution. Osmolarity: 154 mOsm/L.

b) 50% glucose solution: hypertonic solution. Osmolarity: 1,715 mOsm/L.c) 1.1 percent

KCl solution: hypotonic solution. Osmolarity: 308 mOsm/L.

The tonicity of a solution refers to the concentration of solutes within it. When comparing the tonicity of a solution to that of body fluids, three categories are possible: isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic.

Isotonic: When two solutions have the same tonicity, they are isotonic.

As a result, they have an identical concentration of solutes and are in osmotic equilibrium.

Hypertonic: When a solution has a higher tonicity than another solution, it is said to be hypertonic. In this case, water moves out of the hypotonic solution and into the hypertonic solution through osmosis, causing the hypotonic solution to shrink.

Hypotonic: When a solution has a lower tonicity than another solution, it is said to be hypotonic. In this scenario, water moves from the hypotonic solution into the hypertonic solution through osmosis, causing the hypertonic solution to swell.

The osmolarity of a solution is a measure of the concentration of solutes within it.

The normal osmolarity of body fluids is between 290-310mOsm/L.

a) 0.45% NaCl solution: It is hypotonic. The normal osmolarity of body fluids is between 290-310mOsm/L, but the osmolarity of 0.45 percent NaCl solution is only 154 mOsm/L. As a result, the solution is hypotonic.b) 50% glucose solution: It is hypertonic. The normal osmolarity of body fluids is between 290-310mOsm/L, but the osmolarity of a 50% glucose solution is 1,715 mOsm/L.

As a result, the solution is hypertonic.c) 1.1% KCl solution: It is hypotonic.

The normal osmolarity of body fluids is between 290-310mOsm/L, and the osmolarity of a 1.1% KCl solution is 308 mOsm/L. As a result, the solution is hypotonic.

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To determine the number of molecules in 5.8 moles of acetaminophen, we can use Avogadro's number as a conversion factor. Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10^23) represents the number of molecules in one mole of a substance. By multiplying the number of moles by Avogadro's number, we can find the number of molecules.

Avogadro's number is a fundamental constant that relates the number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) to the amount of substance in moles. It is approximately 6.022 × 10^{23} particles per mole. In this case, we have 5.8 moles of acetaminophen. To find the number of molecules, we can use the following conversion:

Number of molecules = Number of moles × Avogadro's number

Substituting the given values:

Number of molecules = 5.8 moles × 6.022 × \(10^{23}\) molecules/mole

Calculating the result:

Number of molecules = 3.49556 × \(10^{24}\) molecules

Therefore, there are approximately 3.49556 × 10^24 molecules in 5.8 moles of acetaminophen.

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The idea is to foretell the formation of a carbonyl compound by the reaction between alcohol and too much pyridinium chlorochromate. An oxidizing agent called pyridinium chlorochromate converts the alcohol group into the 1carbonyl group.

The carbonyl molecule that results from the reaction will depend on the reactant's OH group. Pyridinium chlorochromate [PCC] converts primary OH to aldehydes, whereas it converts secondary OH to ketones, and oxidation of tertiary OH has little effect. Alcohols and pyridinium chlorochromate [PCC] react to create a carbonyl molecule.

From primary alcohols to aldehydes and from secondary alcohols to ketones, pyridinium chlorochromate oxidizes alcohols one step up the oxidation ladder. pyridinium chlorochromate will not oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids, in contrast to chromic acid. Comparable to Pyridine (the Collins reagent) and CrO3 will both oxidize primary alcohols to aldehydes. Here are two instances of pyridinium chlorochromate being used.

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Answer:

When an electron in an atom has absorbed energy it is said to be in an excited state. An excited atom is unstable and tends to rearrange itself to return to its lowest energy state. When this happens, the electrons lose some or all of the excess energy by emitting light.

Explanation:

i looked it up.

Answer:

\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf B. \ d \approx 0.85 \ g/mL}}\)

Explanation:

Density is found by dividing the mass by the volume.

\(d=\frac{m}{v}\)

The mass of the object is 11 grams and the volume is 13 milliliters.

\(m= 11 \ g \\v= 13 \ mL\)

Substitute the values into the formula.

\(d= \frac{11 \ g}{13 \ mL}\)

Divide.

\(d=0.846153846 \ g/mL\)

Round to the nearest hundredth. The 6 in the thousandth place tells us to round the 4 to a 5.

\(d \approx 0.85 \ g/mL\)

The density is about 0.85 grams per milliliter.

Metallic elements exist in a solid-state and they are opaque, have a shiny surface, good conductors of electricity and heat, malleable and ductile, and are dense. The structure of metals is formed by atoms that are held together by metallic bonds. These atoms have loosely bound valence electrons that can be shared between the neighboring atoms.

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After looking at answers I agree with the statement Chemistry is fun.

Answer:

Question 1:

Answer: True

• A nucleus comprises of "proton and neutron"

Question 2:

Answer: True

• Lithium atom has 3 protons while helium atom has 2 protons.

Question 3:

Answer: False

• Molecular compounds are formed when elements are combined be it metal or non-metal.

• A compound formed from a metal and non-metal is an ionic compound.

Question 4:

Answer: False

• Noble gases are inert / unreactive. They don't undergo any reaction because they are very stable.

Question 5:

Answer: True

Question 6:

Answer: False

\({ \rm{H _{2}O \: \dashrightarrow \: water}}\)

• The formular in the question is for hydrogen peroxide.

Question 7:

Answer: False

• What you have to know is that, molecular compounds such as halogens are made of discrete particles with weak vander waals forces of attraction, hence energy required to break these forces is quite low. Hence low melting points.

Question 8:

Answer: True

• Ionic compounds such as sodium chloride are highly soluble in water.

Question 9:

Answer: False

• Water is a polar covalent compound because it is formed due to hydrogen and covalent bonding. It is polar because oxygen is highly electronegative than hydrogen.

Question 10:

Answer: False

• Check answer for question 4

Question 11:

Answer: False

• They form charge of +1

Question 12:

Answer: True

• This are called radicals

Question 13:

Answer: False

• least reactive families are halogens and noble gases.

Question 14:

Answer: True

• This is a situation of ionic bonding.

Question 15:

Answer: False

• It is made up of 3 atoms.

Answer: True

Explanation: physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy.

The demonstration shows that steel wool burned chemically.

From the demonstration, steel wool burned chemically. The supporting evidence is:

1. Combustion: Bunsen burner flame ignited steel wool. A material combines with oxygen to produce heat, light, and gases or new compounds in combustion. Steel wool burning implies a chemical reaction.

2. Steel wool burned for 20 minutes. This prolonged burning signals a chemical process. Shape and size alterations rarely last this long.

3. Failure to Ignite: A piece of charred steel wool held in the flame again did not ignite. This implies that the initial chemical reaction that caused the steel wool to ignite was irreversible. After a chemical reaction consumes the reactants, it may not happen again without replacing them.

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The redox reaction which would most likely occur if silver and zinc metal were added to a solution that contained silver and zinc is Zn + Ag\(^+\) \(\rightarrow\)Zn\(^2+\) + 2 Ag .

Redox reactions comprise of two parts a reduced part and an oxidized part, which occur simultaneously . The part which is reduced gain electrons and hence there is a increase in oxidation state of the species.

While, the part which is oxidized looses electrons and hence there is a decrease in oxidation state of the species.During redox reactions, there is no net change in the number of electrons . Electrons which are given off in oxidation are used up in reduction.

The ion or molecule which accepts electrons is called as oxidizing agent while the ion or molecule which donates electrons is called as a reducing agent.

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Answer:

Pb3O4 + 4H2 → 3Pb + 4H2O

Explanation:

Pb3O4

Tritium - H2

Molar Mass of H2 Bond Polarity H-3 Hydrogen-3 3H T

Products

Lead - Pb

Molar Mass of Pb Plumbum Element 82 Bulk Lead

Water - H2O

Molar Mass of H2O Oxidation Numbers of H2O Dihydrogen Monoxide Dihydridooxygen Hoh Hydrogen Hydroxide Dihydrogen Oxide Oxidane Hydrogen Oxide Pure Water

The molecule for further use in the citric acid cycle is NAD+.

In the absence of oxygen after glycolysis cells undergo fermentation without the citric acid cycle or oxidative phosphorylation. The citric acid cycle requires oxygen. This is because the electron transport chain requires an electron acceptor to regenerate her NAD, which is the role of oxygen.

Some of this is considered an aerobic pathway because the NADH and FADH2 produced must transfer electrons to the next pathway in the system using oxygen. Without oxygen, this transfer would not occur. Two carbon atoms from each acetyl group enter the citric acid cycle. Oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is therefore required for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation.

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Answer:

nucleus as electrons are being added to the same principal energy level. These electrons are gradually pulled closer to the nucleus because of its increased positive charge. Since the force of attraction between nuclei and electrons increases, the size of the atoms decreases.

Explanation:

Nuclear attractive pull to the electrons results in smaller atomic radius. Two reasons that leads the size of an atom smaller by electron loss are nuclear pulling and emptying outermost orbital.

The nucleus have a net positive charge and electrons are negative in charge, thus, each electron experience a nuclear attractive pull. However, each electrons are shielded slightly from this attraction by the surrounding electrons.

The reasons which make the atomic radius smaller are the following.

Therefore, due the two reasons mentioned above, the atomic radius reduces by electron loss.

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A hazardous substance is defined as any material that has the potential to cause harm to human health or the environment. These substances can be in the form of gases, liquids, solids, dusts, aerosols, or vapors.

Hazardous substances can be found in a variety of industries, such as chemical manufacturing, fuel production, and waste disposal. These substances can also be released into the environment through natural disasters, spills, and other accidents.

Hazardous substances that have no commercial value are often referred to as “wastes”. These wastes may be generated from industrial, agricultural, medical, or other activities and can be hazardous to human health or the environment.

These wastes usually consist of materials that are no longer of use to their original owner or are too dangerous to be reused. Examples of hazardous wastes include asbestos, lead, mercury, and petroleum products. It is important to properly dispose of these wastes to prevent them from entering the environment.

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NO and NO₂ are the free radicals.

The species which is having unpaired as well as odd number of electrons will be considered as a free radical. If the number comes out to be odd, the concerned species will be considered as a free radical. In case of NO₂, the total number of electrons is 23 (7 from nitrogen and 16 from two oxygen atoms) and in case of NO the total  number of electrons is 15 (7 from nitrogen and 8 from oxygen).  Hence, the species are free radical.

Whereas, in case of \(ClO3^{-}\), the  total  number of electrons is 42 (17 from chlorine and 24 from three oxygen and +1 for negative charge) and in case of \(NO2^{-}\)the total number of electrons is 24 (7 from nitrogen and 16 from oxygen and +1 for negative charge) There are even no.  of electrons. Hence the \(ClO3^{-}\) and \(NO2^{-}\) are not a free radical.

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Answer: because you are trying to form a chemical reaction I think

No, the reasons for the discrepancy between the experimental and true density values would be provided.

The experimental density of the metal sample does not agree with the true value. Possible reasons for the discrepancy could include impurities in the sample, incomplete sample preparation, variations in experimental conditions (such as temperature or pressure), measurement inaccuracies, or limitations of the measuring instruments used. Other factors like experimental procedure, sample handling, or analytical techniques employed could also contribute to the deviation. It is crucial to carefully evaluate these factors and identify potential sources of error to improve the accuracy and reliability of density measurements in future experiments.

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Fractional distillation is more efficient than simple distillation in separating two miscible liquids because it utilizes a fractionating column, which provides multiple stages for vapor-liquid contact.

Fractional distillation is a method used to separate two or more miscible liquids based on their boiling points. It involves the use of a fractionating column, which is a tall column packed with materials such as glass beads or metal plates. The column provides numerous stages where vapor and liquid can come into contact.

During fractional distillation, the mixture is heated, and the vapor rises through the fractionating column. As the vapor ascends, it cools down, and when it reaches a stage with a temperature below its boiling point, it condenses and returns to the liquid phase. This process is repeated as the liquid continues to evaporate and condense multiple times while moving up the column.

The fractionating column allows for efficient separation because it provides a large surface area for vapor-liquid contact. The repeated evaporation and condensation cycles enhance the separation of the different components in the mixture. The compounds with lower boiling points will tend to condense and collect at the higher stages of the column, while those with higher boiling points will condense and collect at the lower stages.

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Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The to main chemicals that lead to acid rain are SOx and NOx. The major source of oxides of sulphur are power plants while the major source of oxides of nitrogen is the combustion of fossil fuels.

B. There are two types of acid rain; wet and dry. Wet type acid rain occurs when NOx and SOx combine with water vapour in the atmosphere and fall as precipitation while in dry type, wind deposits these acidic gases/matter on the surfaces of buildings, cars, trees etc. Rain water washes off these acidic deposits and the runoff is more acidic than the rain water.

C. Natural rain water has a pH of about 5.5 due to the fact that water dissolve CO2 in the atmosphere. This means that natural rain water is also slightly acidic. Rain water that dissolves SOx or NOx is often more acidic than these hence the term 'enhanced acid rain' may be used.

Again, since precipitation could be solid or liquid, the term 'acid deposition' is better.

Answer:

Explanation:

To find the mass given the force and acceleration we use the formula

\(mass = \frac{force}{acceleration} \\ \)

From the question

force = 20 N

acceleration = 4 m/s²

We have

\(mass = \frac{20}{4} \\ \)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you