Answer:
6 different frequencies
Explanation:
From energy level 1 to 2 is one frequency, from energy level 1 to 3 is one frequency and From energy level 1 to 4 is one frequency. So, we have a total of 3 frequencies for transition from energy level 1.
From energy level 2 to 3 is one frequency and from energy level 2 to 4 is one frequency. So, we have a total of 2 frequencies for transition from energy level 2.
From energy level 3 to 4 is one frequency.
So we have a total of 3 + 2 + 1 different frequencies = 6 different frequencies.
Note that the reverse process for each step produces the same frequency as the step in consideration.
The irreversible isomerization A
B was carried out in a batch reactor and the following concentration time data were obtained:
Time vs Concentration data in a Batch reactor
t 0 3 5 8 10 12 15 7.5
mol/h 4 2.89 2.25 1.45 1.0 0.65 0.25 0.07
Determine the reaction order,
, and the specific reaction a rate constant, k, using any method of your choice.
The reaction order and specific reaction rate constant can be determined by performing the kinetics experiment on irreversible polymerization A. Kinetic experiments can be used to investigate the rate and mechanism of chemical reactions. Chemical kinetics is the study of chemical reactions' speed and pathway.
The term "kinetics" refers to the study of reaction rates, which are determined by measuring the concentration of reactants and products as a function of time.Kinetics experiments can be used to determine the reaction rate and order of reaction. A chemical reaction's rate is defined as the change in the concentration of a reactant or product per unit time. The order of a reaction refers to the number of molecules that must react to produce a product. The order of reaction can be determined by measuring the initial rate of the reaction as a function of concentration.Methods for determining the reaction rate order include the initial rate method, the half-life method, and the integrated rate method. The initial rate method determines the reaction order by measuring the initial rate of the reaction at different reactant concentrations. The half-life method determines the reaction order by measuring the time it takes for the reactant concentration to decrease by half.The integrated rate method determines the reaction order by measuring the concentration of the reactant or product at different times.The specific rate constant can be determined by using the Arrhenius equation, which relates the rate constant to the activation energy, temperature, and frequency factor. The frequency factor can be determined by measuring the rate constant at different temperatures.For such more question on polymerization
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What is an extensive property that can be calculated?
Answer: The property which depends on the quantity of the substance is called an extensive property. The free energy change for a reaction (Δ G) depends on the quantity of the substance and is therefore an extensive property. It shows the additive nature. The extensive property Δ G is easily calculated from the formula, ΔG = -nFE cell.
Explanation:
What is the original source of all energy for animals? (1 point)
A. the sun
B.sugars
C.other animals
D.plants
Sugars. The food we eat is then broken down into ATP.
Answer:
The SunI
Explanation:
Alka-Seltzer is pure NaHCO3
True or false?
Answer:
falso
Explanation:
PLEASE HELPPPPPPPPPP
Answer:
Explanation
I am sorry but please give detailed question
Formaldehyde has a wide range of uses, many of them in manufacturing. Its chemical formula is CH₂O. The model below represents formaldehyde.
Based on the model, which statement best describes formaldehyde molecules?
A. Formaldehyde molecules form an extended structure and cannot freely move past each other.
B. Formaldehyde molecules do not form an extended structure and can freely move past each other.
C. Formaldehyde molecules do not form a repeating pattern and cannot freely move past each other.
D. Formaldehyde molecules form a repeating pattern and can freely move past each other.
Answer: B
Explanation: Formaldehyde molecules do not form an extended structure and can freely move past each other
A coin is 3.00% Cu by mass. If the mass of the coin is 4.0561g, how many moles of Cu does it contain
Answer:
4.0561×0.03÷63.5= 0.001916 mol cu
A coin is 3.00% Cu by mass. If the mass of the coin is 4.0561g, moles of Cu does it contain 0.001916 mole of Cu.
What is mass ?It is the most fundamental characteristic of matter and one of the fundamental quantities in physics.
Mass is a term used to describe how much matter is there in a body. The kilogramme is the SI unit of mass (kg). A body's mass does not alter at any point in time.
Given mass of coin = 4.0561g , moles =? , Cu by mass= 3.00%
4.0561×0.03÷63.5= 0.001916 mole Cu.
Thus, A coin is 3.00% Cu by mass. If the mass of the coin is 4.0561g, moles of Cu does it contain 0.001916 mole of Cu.
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What is the correct IUPAC name for S2O4?
Answer:
disulfur tetroxide
Explanation:
Since both sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) are nonmetals, the compound is covalent. In covalent compounds, the IUPAC name includes the names of both the elements. However, the element listed last (oxygen) needs the suffix -ide. Furthermore, there should be a prefix denoting the amount of each element. The subscripts give you these amounts.
As such, if there are 2 (di-) sulfur atoms and 4 (tetra-) oxygen atoms in the compound, the IUPAC name must be disulfur tetroxide.
Answer:
Dithionite or Disulphurtetraoxide
Explanation:
Tracy had seen her teacher perform the demonstration many times. The materials for the demonstration were lying on the teacher’s table. Tracy tied her long hair back and used the materials to perform the demonstration on her own. a) Write an action that Tracy did correctly. b) Write an action that Tracy did not follow.
Answer:
Tracy was able to remember what her teacher told her to do and she decided to try it,which was the right thing.
But since it's a demonstration then Tracy is supposed to wear all her protective equipments and with a teacher's permission.I hope this helps.Thanks
When a popcorn kernel is heated, water trapped inside the kernel turns to steam, building up the pressure inside the kernel until it "pops". You use a microwave (100oC) to pop a bag of popcorn (total of 16.7 g H2O). When the bag is fully popped the volume of the popcorn is 3.1 L. Based on this information, what pressure, in atm, is required to pop a kernel of popcorn?
A pressure of 12.5 atm is required to pop a kernel of popcorn. It's worth noting that this is a very high pressure, and it's the build-up of this pressure that causes the kernel to "pop".
To calculate the pressure required to pop a kernel of popcorn, we need to use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles of gas (n) in a system:
PV = nRT
Where R is the universal gas constant. We can assume that the temperature inside the popcorn kernel just before it pops is the same as the temperature in the microwave (100°C or 373 K). We also know that the only gas inside the kernel is water vapor, which has a molecular weight of 18 g/mol.
To calculate the number of moles of water vapor that is produced during the popping of the kernel, we can use the mass of water in the popcorn:
n = m/M
Where m is the mass of water (16.7 g) and M is the molar mass of water (18 g/mol). This gives us:
n = 16.7 g / 18 g/mol = 0.9286 mol
Now we can rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for pressure:
P = nRT / V
Substituting the known values, we get:
P = (0.9286 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK)(373 K) / 3.1 L
P = 12.5 atm
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2. Show the calculation supporting the claim that atmospheric pressure near sea level corresponds to the pressure exerted by a column of mercury that is about 760 mm high. Considering the density of mercury = 13.6 g/cm³.
The pressure exerted by a column of mercury that is about 760 mm high corresponds to approximately 0.987 atm.
To calculate the pressure exerted by a column of mercury, we can use the formula:
Pressure = density * gravity * height
Given:
Density of mercury = 13.6 g/cm³
Height of the mercury column = 760 mm = 76 cm
Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s²
First, we need to convert the height of the mercury column from centimeters to meters:
Height = 76 cm * (1 m / 100 cm) = 0.76 m
Now, we can calculate the pressure:
Pressure = 13.6 g/cm³ * 9.8 m/s² * 0.76 m
To ensure consistent units, we need to convert the density from grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) to kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³):
Density = 13.6 g/cm³ * (1 kg / 1000 g) * (1 cm³ / (1e-6 m³))
Density = 13600 kg/m³
Plugging in the values into the pressure formula:
Pressure = 13600 kg/m³ * 9.8 m/s² * 0.76 m
Pressure = 99992.8 Pa
We can express the pressure in terms of atmospheric pressure:
1 atm = 101325 Pa (approximately)
To compare the pressure with atmospheric pressure, we can convert 99992.8 Pa to atm:
Pressure in atm = 99992.8 Pa / 101325 Pa/atm
Pressure in atm ≈ 0.987 atm
The pressure exerted by a column of mercury that is about 760 mm high corresponds to approximately 0.987 atm. Since atmospheric pressure near sea level is approximately 1 atm, this calculation supports the claim that atmospheric pressure near sea level is equivalent to the pressure exerted by a column of mercury about 760 mm high.
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Make a He atom with a mass of 4. How many protons did you put in the nucleus?
Make a Li atom with a mass number of 7. How many electrons did you place in the outermost orbital
(ring)?
Make a N atom with a mass number of 14. How many neutrons are in the nucleus?
Make a B atom with a mass number of 11. How many electrons did you put in the second orbital (ring)?
Answer:
This question appear incomplete
Explanation:
This question appear incomplete. However, let's answer the resulting questions. Firstly, let's define mass number since each of the "problems" refers to mass number. Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. It should also be noted that number of protons in any given neutral atom is the same with the number of electrons of such an atom.
1) Make a He atom with a mass of 4. How many protons did you put in the nucleus?
Answer: Helium (He) atom (having a mass number of 4) has an atomic number of 2. Atomic number is the number of protons and thus 2 protons would be in the nucleus of the Helium atom.
2) Make a Li atom with a mass number of 7. How many electrons did you place in the outermost orbital (ring)?
Answer: Lithium (Li) atom (having a mass number of 7) has an atomic number of 3. Remember that atomic number (number of protons) equals number of electrons in a neutral atom. Thus, lithium atom would have 3 electrons; 2 electrons in it's first shell and 1 electron in it's outermost shell
3) Make a N atom with a mass number of 14. How many neutrons are in the nucleus?
Answer: Nitrogen (N) atom (with a mass number of 14) has an atomic number of 7. Since atomic number is the number of protons and mass number is the number of protons + neutrons. Then, number of neutrons would equal mass number minus atomic number:
number of neutrons = 14 - 7
number of neutrons = 7 neutrons
4) Make a B atom with a mass number of 11. How many electrons did you put in the second orbital (ring)?
Answer: An atom (Boron) with mass number of 11 has an atomic number of 5. Since atomic number eventually equals number of electrons, then Boron has 5 electrons; 2 electrons in it's first shell and 3 electrons in it's second orbital/ring.
Answer:
2 protons in the He nucleus,
1 electron in the outermost,
7 neutrons in the nucleus
3 electrons in the 2nd orbital ring
Explanation:
I just did it on E2020
How many grams are in 6.02x1023 formula units of Al2O3?
The number of grams in 6.02 × 10²³ formula units of aluminium chloride is 101.96g.
How to calculate mass?The mass of a substance can be calculated from the formula units by dividing the number of formula units by Avogadro's number.
According to this question, there are 6.02 × 10²³ formula units of aluminum oxide. This means that;
no of moles = 6.02 × 10²³ ÷ 6.02 × 10²³
no of moles = 1 mole
molar mass of aluminium oxide = 101.96g/mol
mass of aluminum oxide = 101.96g/mol × 1 mole = 101.96g
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Why does the solubility of alkaline earth metal hydroxides in water increase down the group?
Answer:
The solubility of alkaline earth metal hydroxides in water increases down the group because the size of the metal cation increases as you move down the group. This increase in size results in a decrease in the cation's charge density, which makes it less able to attract and hold onto hydroxide ions. As a result, the hydroxides become more soluble in water as you move down the group. Additionally, the lattice energies of the hydroxides decrease down the group, making it easier to break apart the crystal lattice structure and dissolve the hydroxides in water.
We wish to determine the mass of Mg required to react completely with 250mL of 1.0 M HCI. HCI reacts with Mg according to the equation below.
2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
How many moles of HCI are present in 250. mL of 1.0 M HCl?
There are 0.25 moles of HCl present in 250 mL of 1.0 M HCl.
We have to calculate the number of moles of HCl present in some mL of 1.0M HCl. A mole is defined as the amount of substance in a system that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon 12. We represent mole by the symbol 'mol'. Now, we will see how to calculate the number of moles.
We can calculate the number of moles of a substance using the following expression;
Molarity = no of moles of an element/volume
According to this question, we were given 250. mL of 1.0 M HCl. The number of moles will be calculated by the formula as follows;
no of moles of HCl = 0.250L × 1.0M
no of moles of HCl = 0.250 moles.
Therefore, 0.25 moles are present in 250 mL of 1.0 M HCl.
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1. You have a calorimeter set up with 40 mL (40 g) of water. You perform chemical reaction and notice the temperature change of the water is 15°C. What is the energy change of the chemical reaction? (cwater= 4.18 J/g*°C)
2. You have set up a calorimeter using 50 mL (50 g) of water. When performing a chemical reaction with the calorimeter, you notice the temperature of the water changes from 25.0°C to 50.0°C. What is the energy released by the chemical reaction? (cwater=4.18 J/g*°C)
Heat capacity of a substance or system is defined as the amount of heat required to raise its temperature through 1°C. It is denoted by C. Heat capacity is an extensive property. Here the energy change is 2508 J.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance through 1°C.
The heat required to raise the temperature of a sample of mass 'm' and specific heat capacity 'c' is:
q = mc ΔT
q = 40 × 4.18 × 15 = 2508 J
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What do we need to know to understand the formation of a chemical bond?
Answer:
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.
Explanation:
You have to put energy into a molecule to break its chemical bonds. The amount needed is called the bond energy. After all, molecules don't spontaneously break
pOH of the 0.001M NaOH solution is
The pOH of the 0.001 M NaOH solution is approximately 3.
To determine the pOH of a solution, we need to know the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the solution.
In the case of a 0.001 M NaOH solution, we can assume that all of the NaOH dissociates completely in water to form Na+ and OH- ions. Therefore, the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is also 0.001 M.
The pOH is calculated using the equation:
pOH = -log[OH-]
Substituting the concentration of hydroxide ions, we have:
pOH = -log(0.001)
Using a calculator, we can evaluate the logarithm:
pOH ≈ 3
Therefore, the pOH of the 0.001 M NaOH solution is approximately 3.
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How many moles of calcium chloride are there when you have 55.5 grams of calcium chloride(CaCl2)
Answer:
0.5mol
Explanation
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What is the amount of charge on a calcium ion if its neutral atom has lost two valence electrons?
A. 1+
B. 2+
C. 3+
D. 4+
Answer: B
Explanation: a calcium ion has a charge of +2 because it has 2 more protons than electrons giving it a positive charge instead of neutral or negative.
A sample of iron, which has a specific heat capacity of 0.449 Jg^-1℃^-1, is put into a calorimeter (see sketch at right) that contains 100.0 g of water. The iron sample starts off at container 93.3 °C and the temperature of the water starts off at 22.0 °C. When the temperature of the water stops changing it's 25.7 °C. The pressure remains constant at 1 atm.
Required:
Calculate the mass of the iron sample. Be sure your answer is rounded to 2 significant digits.
Answer:
\(m_{iron}=32.1g\)
Explanation:
Hello!
In this case, since the interaction between hot iron and cold water allows the heat transfer from iron to water and therefore we can write up the following energetic equation:
\(Q_{iron}+Q_{water}=0\)
Whereas the heat terms can be written in terms of mass, specific heat and temperature change:
\(m_{iron}C_{iron}(T_f-T_{iron}) + m_{water}C_{water}(T_f-T_{water}) = 0\)
So we solve for the mass of iron as follows:
\(m_{iron} = \frac{m_{water}C_{water}(T_f-T_{water})}{C_{iron}(T_f-T_{iron}) }\)
Now, we plug in the given data to obtain:
\(m_{iron} = \frac{-100g*0.449\frac{J}{g\°C} (25.7\°C-22.0\°C)}{0.449\frac{J}{g\°C} (25.7\°C-93.3\°C) }\)
\(m_{iron}=32.1g\)
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in the citric acid cycle (see the figure), beginning with one molecule of isocitrate and ending with fumarate, how many atp molecules can be made through substrate-level phosphorylation?
In the citric acid cycle , beginning with one of the molecule of isocitrate and ending with the fumarate, the ATP molecules can made through the substrate-level phosphorylation is one molecule.
In the citric acid cycle, the substrate level phosphorylation is the high energy of the phosphate group in the organic molecule. it transfers to the ADP to produces the ATP. it is the metabolic reaction and form the ATP molecules. The citric acid cycle is called as Krebs cycle also.
Thus, the number of ATP molecules form during the citric acid cycle that start with the one molecule of the isocitrate and end with the fumarate is the one molecule.
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Homework Answered Due Today, 11:59 PM
The reaction 3H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2NH3(g) has an enthalpy of reaction of -92.6 kJ/mol. If 1 g of hydrogen and 2 g of nitrogen are
reacted, how much heat is produced (kJ)?
The amount of heat energy produced when 1 g of hydrogen and 2 g of nitrogen are reacted, is -6.61 KJ
How do i determine the heat energy produced?First, we shall obtain the limiting reactant. Details below:
3H₂ + N₂ -> 2NH₃
Molar mass of N₂ = 28 g/molMass of N₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 28 = 28 g Molar mass of H₂ = 2 g/molMass of H₂ from the balanced equation = 3 × 2 = 6 gFrom the balanced equation above,
28 g of N₂ reacted with 6 g of H₂
Therefore,
2 g of N₂ will react with = (2 × 6) / 28 = 0.43 g of H₂
We can see that only 0.43 g of H₂ is needed in the reaction.
Thus, the limiting reactant is N₂
Finally, we the amount of heat energy produced. Details below:
3H₂ + N₂ -> 2NH₃ ΔH = -92.6 KJ
Molar mass of N₂ = 28 g/molMass of N₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 28 = 28 gFrom the balanced equation above,
When 28 grams of N₂ reacted, -92.6 KJ of heat energy were produced.
Therefore,
When 2 grams of N₂ will react to produce = (2 × -92.6) / 28 = -6.61 KJ
Thus the heat energy produced from the reaction is -6.61 KJ
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PLEASE HELP!! 30 points!!Upload a copy or picture of your line graph. (Your line graph may be handmade or digital.) Make sure that the axes are labeled and that your graph has a title.Solution0.1 M H2SO40.1 M Ba(OH)2Reading150 mA150 mATo 30 mL of the Ba(OH)2 solution, 10 mL portions of H2SO4 were added until a total of 50 mL of H2SO4 was used. The following results were recorded.DATA TABLETotal H2SO4 Added0 mL10 mL20 mL30 mL40 mL50 mLMeter Reading150 mA65 mA31 mA0 mA29 mA62 mAObservationsBa(OH)2 and H2SO4 are clear, colorlessmilky white precipitate formsmore precipitate formsprecipitate heavy and settlesno added precipitate was seen to formno change seen0123456789abcdefghij edited question
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\(\text{y = ax + b}\)chlorine gas occupies a volume of 25 mL at 27°C. To what volume will it occupy at 600 k
Answer: 50mL
Explanation: This is solved just like you'd solve a proportion in mathematics. But first, you need to make your temperature values have the same units. It is ideal to have both units in K almost 90% of the time. So to convert the values, you'll add 273 to your Celsius temperature: 27. This gives you 300. Then, you set 300K/25mL = 600K/?. We see that to get from 300 to 600, we just double our values. Therefore, we'll do the same to the 25mL. This gives us 50mL.
I hope this helps!
TWO solids and a liquid combined in a chemical change. The mass of the final mixture is lower than the mass of the starting ingredients. What happened to the missing mass?
Answer:
Some of the mass of the (initial) reactant(s), most likely the water, probably evaporated into the surroundings of where the reaction was taking place.
Explanation:
We know that due to the law of conservation of mass, it is safe to say that most of the time, the mass of the reactants will always equal the mass of the products. When the masses are not equal, that does not mean that some of the mass of the reactants disappeared into nowhere; that would be a violation of the law of conservation of mass. Therefore, the missing mass must have gone into the surrounding environment.
Some of the products may have been gases which escaped from the reaction system.
According to the law of conservation of mass; mass is neither created nor destroyed.
Hence, in a chemical reaction, the total mass of reactants should be equal to the total mass of the products.
When this is not the case, it is possible that one or more of the products of the reaction is or are gases which escaped from the system leading to a decrease in mass of products.
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What is the enthalpy in KJ of reaction for the initial combustion if the delta H for vaporization is 75.75 KJ and the net delta H is -700 kJ?
Write your answer to hundredths, including a negative sign if needed. Do not write the unit.
Answer:
-775.75
Explanation:
what do large scale convection currents create science
Large-scale convection currents create divergent plate boundaries in science.
What is large scale convection currents?This refers to vertical motion organized on a larger scale than atmospheric free convection, it is associated with cumulus clouds. Examples of large-scale convection currents patterns of vertical motion is hurricanes or migratory cyclones.
Large convection currents in the aesthenosphere send heat to the surface, where plumes of less dense magma break apart the plates at the spreading centers, giving rise to divergent plate boundaries.
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1. What is an ionic bond?
Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.
Explanation:
ionic bond is a bonding between a non-metal and a metal, that occurs when change atoms (ions) attract.
A 2.6−mL volume of seawater contains about 4.0 × 10−10 g of gold. The total volume of ocean water is about 1.5 × 1021 L. Calculate the total worth of all the gold in the world's oceans if the price of gold is $18.23 per gram.
The total volume of sea water is 1.5 × 10²¹ L. The amount of gold in the whole volume is 6 × 10¹¹ g of gold. Then, if one gram rate $18.23, the total worth of gold is $ 1.09×10¹³.
What is gold ?Gold is a metal widely used in ornaments and other plating as well. It is excavating from the places where its minerals or ore can be found in abundant and it worth higher prize.
Given that, 2.6 ml or 0.0026 L of ocean water contains 4 × 10⁻¹⁰ g of gold. Then, 1.5 × 10²¹ g contains,
1.5 × 10²¹ ×4 × 10⁻¹⁰ /0.0026= 6× 10¹¹ g of gold.
Price of one gram of gold = $18.23
then, price of the total amount 6× 10¹¹ g = 6× 10¹¹ g×$18.23 = $ 1.09×10¹³.
Therefore, the total price of gold in the world's ocean is $ 1.09×10¹³.
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