Explain why all the elements of period 3 is placed on the periodic table in period 3

132 gm of CO₂ is generated by combustion of 342 gm of C₈H₁₈.

The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the ratio between the mass and the amount of that substance in any sample. A material's molar mass is a bulk characteristic rather than a molecular one.

The molar mass of a substance is its mass expressed in grams per mole. G/mol, or grams per mole, is the sign for molar mass. The ratio between the mass of an isotope and the mass of the isotope carbon is known as the isotopic atomic mass, or mass of a single isotope of any particular element. -12

The reaction is :

C₈H₁₈ + 12.5O₂ ----> 8CO₂ + 9H₂O

Molar mass of C₈H₁₈ is = 12*8 + 18*1 = 114 gm

Molar mass of CO₂ is = 12+ 16*2 = 44gm

44gm of CO₂ is generated by 114 gm of C₈H₁₈

1 gm of CO₂ is generated by 114/44 gm of C₈H₁₈

132 gm of CO₂ is generated by combustion of 114*132/44 = 342 gm of C₈H₁₈

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Electron affinity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and gain an electron. It quantifies the energy change that occurs when an atom in the gaseous state acquires an electron, indicating how readily an atom can accept an additional electron.

Electron affinity is defined as the energy change when an isolated gaseous atom gains an electron to form a negatively charged ion. It is expressed in units of energy (usually kilojoules per mole) and can be either positive or negative. A positive electron affinity indicates that energy is released when an atom gains an electron, while a negative electron affinity indicates that energy must be supplied for the atom to accept an electron.

The magnitude of an atom's electron affinity depends on various factors, including its atomic structure and the electron configuration in its valence shell. Generally, atoms with a higher effective nuclear charge and a smaller atomic radius tend to have a higher electron affinity. Elements on the right side of the periodic table, such as halogens, typically have high electron affinities since they strongly desire to attain a stable electron configuration by gaining one electron. In contrast, noble gases have low electron affinities since their electron configurations are already highly stable.

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The equilibrium constant for the given reaction at 25 degrees Celsius is 1.13 x 10⁻²¹

To calculate the equilibrium constant (K) for the given reaction at 25 degrees Celsius, we need to use the Nernst equation. The Nernst equation relates the standard reduction potentials of the half-reactions involved to the equilibrium constant.

First, we need to write the half-reactions and their standard reduction potentials:

CO2 + 2e- -> CO (-0.67 V)
Cr -> Cr3+ + 3e- (-0.74 V)

Next, we need to balance the half-reactions and add them to obtain the overall reaction:

3CO2 + 2Cr -> 2Cr3+ + 3CO

Now, we can use the Nernst equation:

K = exp[(nFE°)/RT]

where n is the number of electrons transferred (in this case, 2), F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol), R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K·mol), T is the temperature in Kelvin (298 K), and E° is the standard cell potential, which can be calculated as:

E°cell = E°reduction (cathode) - E°reduction (anode)

E°cell = (-0.67 V) - (-0.74 V) = 0.07 V

Substituting the values into the Nernst equation, we get:

K = exp[(2 x 96,485 x 0.07)/(8.314 x 298)] = 1.13 x 10⁻²¹

Therefore, the equilibrium constant for the given reaction at 25 degrees Celsius is 1.13 x 10⁻²¹

The equilibrium constant (K) for the reaction CO2 + 2Cr -> 2Cr3+ + 3CO at 25 degrees Celsius can be calculated using the Nernst equation. First, we need to write the half-reactions and their standard reduction potentials. Then, we balance the half-reactions and add them to obtain the overall reaction. Using the Nernst equation, we can find the standard cell potential and substitute the values into the equation to obtain the equilibrium constant. The calculated value of K is 1.13 x 10⁻²¹. This means that the forward reaction is highly unlikely to occur under standard conditions.


In summary, we can calculate the equilibrium constant for a reaction using the Nernst equation and the standard reduction potentials of the half-reactions involved. The calculated value of the equilibrium constant can give us an idea of the likelihood of the forward reaction occurring under standard conditions.

For the given reaction CO2 + 2Cr -> 2Cr3+ + 3CO at 25 degrees Celsius, the calculated value of K is 1.13 x 10⁻²¹, indicating that the forward reaction is highly unlikely to occur under standard conditions.

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Answer:

Because you can physically see the object melting when it comes to the melting point. The objects texture, color, temperature, shape, and state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) are possibly changing.

The periods of warming and cooling that the Earth has been through in the past are known as climate cycles or glacial-interglacial cycles.

During a warming event, we would expect the climate on Earth to be generally warmer, with a higher concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and higher sea levels due to melting ice caps. This could lead to more extreme weather patterns, including more frequent and intense heatwaves, droughts, and hurricanes.

During a cooling event, we would expect the climate on Earth to be generally colder, with lower concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and lower sea levels due to expanding ice caps. This could lead to periods of widespread glaciation and colder temperatures, which could have significant impacts on ecosystems and human populations.

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The compound that does NOT obey the octet rule is option c) \(ClF_3\).

let's examine each option:

A. KBr: Potassium bromide has both potassium (K) and bromine (Br) atoms following the octet rule, as potassium loses one electron to form a +1 ion, and bromine gains one electron to form a -1 ion.

B. \(CO_2\): In carbon dioxide, the carbon atom is double-bonded to two oxygen atoms. Each oxygen has 6 valence electrons, and carbon has 4. By sharing 2 electrons with each oxygen, carbon achieves an octet, and so do the oxygen atoms.

C. \(ClF_3\): Chlorine trifluoride is the correct answer. In this compound, chlorine has 10 electrons around it - 3 from the bonds with the fluorine atoms and 2 lone pairs. This molecule has an expanded octet, meaning that the chlorine atom does NOT obey the octet rule.

D. ICl: Iodine monochloride has iodine (I) and chlorine (Cl) atoms forming a single covalent bond. Both atoms follow the octet rule in this compound, as they share a pair of electrons to complete their valence shells.

Therefore, the compound with an atom that does NOT obey the octet rule is \(ClF_3\).

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The Bragg angle of the (101) planes decreases with the amount of shear.

When the material with a tetragonal crystal structure undergoes shear, the angle between the [001] and [100] directions changes from 90° to 60°, with a shear vector along [100]. To analyze the change in the Bragg angle of the (101) planes under this shear, we need to consider the effect of shear on the lattice parameters and the orientation of the planes.

The lattice parameters {2, 2, 4, 90°, 90°, 90°} represent the dimensions and angles of the tetragonal crystal structure. The (101) planes are equivalent to the (101) planes at zero shear. However, due to the shearing process, the lattice parameters change. As the shear vector is along [100], the length along the [100] direction decreases, while the length along the [001] direction remains unchanged.

The Bragg angle is determined by the relationship between the lattice spacing of the planes and the incident X-ray wavelength. As the lattice parameters change, the lattice spacing of the (101) planes also changes. The decrease in the length along the [100] direction leads to a decrease in the lattice spacing of the (101) planes, resulting in a decrease in the Bragg angle.

To plot the Bragg angle vs. shear angle, we need to vary the shear angle and calculate the corresponding Bragg angle for each shear angle. The shear angle represents the change in the angle between the [001] and [100] directions, and the Bragg angle is calculated based on the lattice spacing and the incident X-ray wavelength.

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Here is the picture to the reading of the question

Answer:

A glucose molecule is made up of 6 Carbon atoms, 12 Hydrogen atoms, and 6 Oxygen atoms. This is a 1:2:1 ratio. Hopefully, this helps!

Explanation:

Answer:

5mol at most

Explanation:

as we hv 5mol Ca available, the 5 mol Ca can react with 5/2 = 2.5mol O2, as we have more mol of O2 than that Ca can react with, Ca is the limiting reactant. Therefore at most 5/2x2 = 5 mol of CaO can be made

Answer:

i think

they are used to male the animal grow

Once the animal eats the food, the atoms in food are  used to make the animal grow.

An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.

The protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral and hence the nucleus is positively charged. The electrons which revolve around the nucleus are negatively charged and hence the atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.

Atoms of the same element are similar as they have number of sub- atomic particles which on combination do not alter the chemical properties of the substances.

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Answer:

1) Uranium atoms are split

2) Enrico Fermi creates the first known nuclear chain reaction

3) Atomic bombs are dropped on Japan at the end of WWll

4) The first fusion bomb is tested

5) The first nuclear-powered submarine is put into action

Answer:

nahco3

Explanation:

Answer:

It would be this below.

Explanation:

I am not 100% sure this is write but I did my best this is still kinda hard for me. I just did this a few years ago and i struggled with it but I have been doing better since then.

Hope this helps :))

Answer:

1

Explanation:

1) Mass of aluminum powder is 2.7 g.

2) Mass of magnesium sulfate is 19.9 g.

3) Mass of calcium oxide is 14g.

4) Mass of lead 412.2 g.

1) In the thermite reaction :

2Al     +     Fe₂O₃   ----->  Al₂O₃   +   2Fe

mass of  Fe₂O₃ = 8.0 g

molar mass of   Fe₂O₃ = 159.6 g/mol

number of moles = mass / molar mass

                             = 8.0 g / 159.6 g/mol

                             = 0.050 moles

1 mole of  Fe₂O₃ react with 2 mole of Al ,

0.050  Fe₂O₃ moles react with 2 × 0.050 = 0.1moles of Al

number of moles of Al = mass / molar mass

mass of Al = no. of moles × molar mass

                 = 0.1 mol × 27 g/mol

                 = 2.7 g

Thus, the mass of aluminum powder is needed to react with 8.0 g of iron (III) oxide is 2.7 g

2) the reaction is :

MgCO₃ +   H₂SO₄  ----->   MgSO₄   +   CO₂    +   H₂O

mass of MgCO₃ = 14.0 g

no. of moles of MgCO₃ = mass / molar mass

                                      = 14 g / 84.3 g/mol

                                      = 0.166 moles

1 mole of MgCO₃  produced 1 mole of MgSO₄,

0.166 mole of MgCO₃  produced 0.166 mole of MgSO₄

mass of MgSO₄ = 120.3 g/mol

no. of moles of MgSO₄ = mass / molar mass

mass of MgSO₄ = no. of moles × molar mass

                          = 0.166 mol × 120.3 g/mol

                          = 19.9 g

Thus, mass of magnesium sulfate crystals can be made from14.0g of magnesium carbonate and an excess of dilute sulfuric acid is 19.9 g

3) the reaction is :

CaCO₃   ----->   CaO + CO₂

mass of calcium carbonate = 25 g

molar mass of CaCO₃ = 100 g/mol

no. of moles of = mass / molar mass

                         = 25 / 100

                         = 0.25 mol

0.25 moles of CaCO₃ produced 0.25 moles of CaO

molar mass of  CaO = 56 g/mol

mass of CaO = no. of moles × molar mass

                      = 0.25mol × 56 g/mol

                      = 14 g

the mass of CaO produced 14 g.

4) PbO  +   H  ----->    Pb   + H₂O

mass of PbO = 446g

no. of moles = mass / molar mass

                     = 446 g / 223.3 g/mol

                     = 1.99 mols

1.99 moles of PbO produced 1.99 moles of Pb

molar mass of Pb = 207.2 g/mol

mass of Pb = no. of moles × molar mass

                   = 1.99 mol × 207.2 g/mol

                   = 412.2 g

Thus, Lead (ii) oxide PbO, reacts with hydrogen to for lead and steam. calculate the mass of lead in formed when 446g of lead (ii) oxide is 412.2g.

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The materials comes as It is deposited with sediment grains. (a)

The material used to make cement is composed of minerals found in sedimentary rocks. These sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment grains are deposited in layers and then hardened over time.

These sedimentary rocks can include sand, clay, and minerals such as calcite and gypsum. The sediment grains are the source of the material used to make cement.

The mixture is heated until it forms a paste-like material called clinker. The clinker is then ground into a fine powder, which is the cement we use for construction and other purposes.

So, cement is made from a mixture of these sediment grains, combined with water and other substances such as limestone, iron ore, and aluminum oxide. (a)

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The mass of the solute (LiCl) present in the 3.10 m aqueous solution is 20.56 g, while the mass of the solvent (water) is 45.44 g.

To find the mass of the solute (LiCl), we need to multiply the volume of the solution (3.10 m) by the density of the solution (1.0692 g/mL) and then convert the result from grams to grams by multiplying by 1000 mL/1 L:

Mass of solution = density × volume = 1.0692 g/mL × 3.10 L × 1000 mL/1 L = 3313.88 g

Since the mass of the solution is given as 66.0 g, we can subtract the mass of the solute to find the mass of the solvent:

Mass of solvent = Mass of solution - Mass of solute = 66.0 g - 20.56 g = 45.44 g

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Since there are mutations in the lacZ and lacY genes (lacz- and lacy-), only the LacA protein, encoded by the laca+ allele, is functional. Therefore, the phenotype is Lacz- LacY+ LacA+.

Based on the given genotype, the phenotype of the E. coli merodiploid strain in the absence (-) or presence (+) of IPTG can be determined as follows:

IPTG: Lacz- LacY- LacA+

IPTG: Lacz- LacY+ LacA+

In the absence of IPTG, the lac operon is not induced, and the lac repressor protein encoded by the lacl° allele is non-functional. Therefore, it cannot bind to the operator region, allowing the transcription of lacZ, lacY, and lacA genes. However, since there are mutations in the lacZ and lacY genes (lacz- and lacy-), the LacZ and LacY proteins are not produced. The LacA protein, encoded by the laca+ allele, is functional, resulting in the phenotype Lacz- LacY- LacA+.

IPTG: Lacz- LacY+ LacA+

In the presence of IPTG, IPTG acts as an inducer of the lac operon. It binds to the repressor protein encoded by the lacl° allele, causing a conformational change that prevents it from binding to the operator. This allows transcription of the lacZ, lacY, and lacA genes. However, since there are mutations in the lacZ and lacY genes (lacz- and lacy-), only the LacA protein, encoded by the laca+ allele, is functional. Therefore, the phenotype is Lacz- LacY+ LacA+.

So, the correct answer is A. - IPTG: Lacz- LacY- LacA+

IPTG: Lacz- LacY+ LacA+.

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assuming all of the xenon has reacted, The formula of the product is XFe2

In this situation, xenon and fluorine are reacting to form a binary compound. The reaction can be viewed by the below balanced chemical equation:

Xe + 2F2 -> XeF2

The reactants, xenon and fluorine, are initially present at partial pressures of 1.24 atm and 10.10 atm, respectively.Since the reactants are initially present at a total partial pressure of 1.24 atm + 10.10 atm = 11.34 atm, and the final partial pressure of fluorine is 7.62 atm, the partial pressure of the xenon fluoride compound must be 11.34 atm - 7.62 atm = 3.72 atm.

we can set up the following equation:1.24 atm + 10.10 atm = 3.72 atm + 7.62 atm

Solving for the number of moles of fluorine gives:

10.10 atm - 3.72 atm = 7.62 atm

= 6.38 atm

Since the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas present,

n = P / (R * T

= 6.38 atm / (0.08206 Latm/molK * 298 K / 100 mL)

= 0.5 molThe number of moles of xenon present can be calculated in a similar way:

n = P / (R * T

= 1.24 atm / (0.08206 Latm/molK * 298 K / 100 mL)

= 0.05 mol

Since the ratio of moles of xenon to moles of fluorine in the product is 1:2, the formula of the product must be XeF2.

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Answer:

Periodic Table

hope this helps

have a good day :)

Explanation:

The periodic table allows you to compare the elements and understand their properties​.

Periodic table is a tabular arrangement of elements in the form of a table. In the periodic table, elements are arranged according to the modern periodic law which states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.

It is called as periodic because properties repeat after regular intervals of atomic numbers . It is a tabular arrangement consisting of seven horizontal rows called periods and eighteen vertical columns called groups.

Elements present in the same group have same number of valence electrons and hence have similar properties while elements present in the same period show gradual variation in properties due to addition of one electron for each successive element in a period.

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Answer:

The killers who choose poison for killing the victim are the one who does not want to confront the victim. When a knife or a bullet is used to kill a person he may struggle and can cause harm to killer also.  

Explanation:

Poison is the most easiest way to kill a person without any struggle. The poison can be given to a person in a juice or through an injection. The poison entered in the body of victim will cause his heart to cease gradually and he will not have energy to struggle with the killer to save his life.

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself. When moving from left to right within a period, the electronegativity of elements increases. As a result, the atomic radius decreases, and the electronegativity increases. Therefore, the correct answer is b) increases, stays the same.

This is due to the increase in the number of protons in the nucleus, which results in a greater pull on the electrons in the valence shell. As a result, the atomic radius decreases, and the electronegativity increases.
When moving from top to bottom within a group, electronegativity generally decreases. This is because the number of energy levels increases, which means that the valence electrons are farther away from the nucleus. As a result, the pull of the nucleus on the valence electrons decreases, making it easier for other atoms to attract those electrons. There are a few exceptions, however, such as the noble gases, where electronegativity stays the same since they have a complete valence shell. In conclusion, the correct answer is b) increases, stays the same.

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Answer:

4

Explanation:

Elements in group 14 have 4 valence electrons. Meaning that to achieve a stable octet they need to either gain or lose 4 electrons in total.

Examining the real GDP per capita in different countries allows economists to compare the economic productivity and output per person in different parts of the world.

Examining the real GDP per capita in different countries allows economists to compare the economic productivity and output per person in different parts of the world. GDP per capita is a measure that represents the average economic output per individual within a country. It takes into account the total GDP of a country and divides it by the population, providing a per-person measure. By comparing the real GDP per capita across countries, economists can assess and compare the relative economic development, living standards, and overall economic performance of different regions. It provides insights into the level of economic activity, income distribution, and the ability of countries to generate wealth and provide for their populations. This comparison can help identify disparities in economic development, understand the impact of policies and economic systems, and inform decisions related to international trade, investment, and development cooperation. Additionally, examining real GDP per capita over time allows for tracking economic progress, identifying trends, and analyzing the effectiveness of economic policies and reforms.

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The missing product in a chemical reaction can be due to various reasons such as incomplete reaction, loss of product during isolation, errors in measurements, impurities in reactants or products, and side reactions.

Percent yield is a measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction. It compares the actual yield of a reaction to the theoretical yield that could be obtained if the reaction went to completion. A percent yield of 90% means that 90% of the expected amount of product was obtained. The remaining 10% is the "missing" product.

The missing product can be due to several reasons. One possibility is that the reaction was incomplete, meaning that not all of the reactants were converted to products. This could happen if the reaction conditions were not optimal, such as if the temperature or pressure was not high enough or if the reaction time was too short.

Another possibility is that some of the product was lost during isolation, such as if it was stuck to the reaction vessel or if it evaporated. Errors in measurements can also contribute to the missing product, such as if the reactants were not accurately weighed or measured. Impurities in the reactants or products can interfere with the reaction, leading to a lower yield.

Finally, side reactions can also occur, where the reactants form other products instead of the desired product. This can happen if the reactants are not pure or if the reaction conditions are not optimal. Overall, identifying the reason for the missing product requires careful analysis of the reaction conditions and the experimental procedure.

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From the samples on the slide made up of tiny cells, Terry can conclude that the cells were produced by other cells.

Cell production occurs often in a human protein, such as yeast, bacteria, or mammalian cells in culture, which then start producing the protein in large quantities. A new organism is created during the process of splicing a gene into a production cell.

Cells are often produced from other cells by the process of replication. All living things, from microorganisms to humans, rely on cells for structure and function. Scientists regard them as the tiniest form of life. Cells contain the biological machinery that produces the proteins, chemicals, and signals that are responsible for everything that occurs within our bodies.

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