Sponges produce structures called gemmules, which are hard outer coatings protecting a reproductive bud during times of drought. What type of adaptation is this? a. Biochemical b. Ecological c. Structural d. Physiological

Answer:

Observational

Explanation:

This is the answer because researchers or scientist observe the effect of a  diagnostic test, treatment or other intervention without trying to change anything.

Assuming no change in pressure, the gas' volume at 120.0 °C is 916.7 mL.

To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas. The ideal gas law is given by the formula:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

To find the volume of the gas at 120.0 °C, we need to convert the temperatures to Kelvin. The temperature in Kelvin is given by:

T (K) = T (°C) + 273.15

Therefore, the temperature at 27.0 °C is 300.15 K, and the temperature at 120.0 °C is 393.15 K.

We can set up the ideal gas law equation for the initial and final states of the gas:

P₁V₁ = nRT₁ (for the initial state at 27.0 °C)

P₂V₂ = nRT₂ (for the final state at 120.0 °C)

Assuming the pressure did not change, we can set P₁ = P₂, which allows us to solve for V₂:

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

V₂ = V₁ * T₂/T₁

Substituting the given values, we get:

V₂ = 700.0 mL * (393.15 K) / (300.15 K) = 916.7 mL

Therefore, the volume of the gas at 120.0 °C assuming pressure did not change is 916.7 mL.

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Magnesium (Mg) is more active than calcium (Ca) in Group IIA of the periodic table.The Group IIA metal that is more active between calcium and magnesium is magnesium (Mg).

Magnesium is a chemical element with the atomic number of 12 and symbol Mg. It belongs to the Group IIA alkaline earth metals in the periodic table.

Calcium and magnesium are two of the five elements in Group IIA of the periodic table that have the most outstanding chemical properties that are critical to life.Magnesium has a strong reducing effect.

Calcium is less active than magnesium because it is harder to reduce its noble gas configuration to 0, making it less electropositive and less reactive.

Magnesium, on the other hand, has a smaller radius than calcium and is more electronegative, allowing it to lose two electrons to form an Mg2+ cation with ease.

Therefore, magnesium (Mg) is more active than calcium (Ca) in Group IIA of the periodic table.

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Answer:

When observing how thallium reacts with the air of the earth's atmosphere, its hardness or resistance resembled sodium, it was not investigated further to classify it correctly

Explanation:

Now it is known that they contain different numbers of valence electrons and that thallium is a heavy metal like lead and that they have similar characteristics except for their melting point where thallium is higher.

Mendeleev might have grouped thallium in the same group as lithium and sodium due to many reasons:

Now it is known that they contain different numbers of valence electrons and that thallium is a heavy metal like lead and that they have similar characteristics except for their melting point where thallium is higher.

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Answer:

Volcanologists can predict eruptions if they have a thorough understanding of a volcano's eruptive history, if they can install the proper instrumentation on a volcano well in advance of an eruption, and if they can continuously monitor and adequately interpret data coming from that equipment.

Explanation:

Answer:

U

Explanation:

UUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Answer:

In a science experiment, the

manipulated or changed.

= Independent variable

I HOPE IT HELP YOU

The term "the strong nuclear force must be strong enough to overcome the repulsive force of protons, not electrons" describes the error in her chart. An atom is made up of three particles; electrons, protons, and neutrons. Electrons have a negative charge and protons have a positive charge.

Because protons are in such close proximity, there is a strong repulsive force between them which is why it’s surprising that atomic nuclei can exist. The force that binds protons and neutrons together is known as the strong nuclear force. It has a very short range, which is why it only affects particles that are extremely close together. Despite this, the strong nuclear force is strong enough to overcome the repulsive force of protons, allowing for stable atomic nuclei to exist.

However, the statement "the strong nuclear force must be strong enough to overcome the repulsive force of protons, not electrons" is wrong. Electrons aren't held together by the strong nuclear force because they orbit the nucleus and are attracted to the positively charged protons by the electromagnetic force. Therefore, the strong nuclear force must be strong enough to overcome the repulsive force between protons, not electrons.

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The refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.

To calculate the kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy used by the refrigerator in 30 days, we need to multiply the power rating by the total running time.

Given:

Power rating of the refrigerator = 500 W

Running time per day = 12 hours

Number of days = 30

First, we need to convert the power rating from watts to kilowatts:

Power rating = 500 W / 1000 = 0.5 kW

Next, we calculate the total energy used in kilowatt-hours (kWh) over the 30-day period:

Energy used = Power rating × Running time × Number of days

Energy used = 0.5 kW × 12 hours/day × 30 days

Energy used = 180 kWh

Therefore, the refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.

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209.2 is  δg at 25°c fοr the reactiοn when p(H₂) = 100 atm and p(C₂H₂) = 0.10 atm.

An οrganic mineral that is derived frοm carbοn is called graphite. It is a naturally οccurring element that is frequently prοduced by sedimentary carbοn cοmpοunds, but it can alsο be fοund in magma, certain rοcks that cοntain οrganic carbοn, and as a byprοduct οf the reductiοn οf sedimentary carbοn thrοugh the reductiοn οf carbοnates.

A thermοdynamic system's enthalpy, which is οne οf its prοperties, is calculated by multiplying the vοlume and pressure οf the system by their cοmbined pressure and vοlume. It is a state functiοn that is frequently emplοyed in measurements οf chemical, biοlοgical, and physical systems at cοnstant pressure, which is cοnveniently prοvided by the substantial ambient envirοnment.

2C + H₂-> C₂H₂

(ΔH) reactiοn = (ΔH) prοduct - (ΔH) reactants

(ΔH) reactiοn = (ΔH) C₂H₂- ((ΔH) C + (ΔH) H₂)

(ΔH) C and (ΔH) H₂have zerο value as fοr free element, (ΔH) is  zerο

Frοm the available data: Hf (kJ / mοl) C₂ H₂(g)=  209.2

(ΔH) reactiοn = ΔH) C₂H₂ - ((ΔH) C + (ΔH) H₂)

(ΔH) reactiοn = 209.2 - (0 + 0) = 209.2

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Answer:

\(MgO _{(s)} + 2H {}^{ + } _{(aq)} = Mg {}^{2 + } _{(aq)}+ H _{2} O _{(l)} \\ \)

The quantity of element D in grams that are  needed to form compound \(CD_2\) is equal to 16 grams.

Given the following data:

To determine how many grams of element D are  needed to form compound \(CD_2\):

First of all, we would write a balanced chemical equation for the chemical reaction as follows:

                                      \(C + D_2 --> CD_2\)

By stoichiometry:

Three (3) grams of of element C react with two (2) atoms of eight (8) grams of element D.

Therefore, we would multiply the mass of element D by two (2), in order to determine how many grams of element D are  needed to form compound \(CD_2\).

\(D_2 = 2 \times 8\\\\D_2 = 16 \;grams\)

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An alcohol is created when an alkene undergoes treatment with hg(oac)2 in ch3oh, followed by a reaction with nabh4.

What are the uses of alkene?

Introduction. One of the most adaptable chemical building blocks, alkenes are essential to numerous synthetic reactions. Alkene reactants are used in hydrofunctionalization processes such olefin hydroalkoxylation and hydroamination, which is a very active area of catalysis.

Alkene vs. alkane: what are they?

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons because they only have one bond between the carbon atoms. Alkenes have at least one double bond between carbon atoms. Alkynes have one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are the name given to alkenes and alkynes.

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The compounds arranged from lowest boiling point to highest boiling point are as follows:

The boiling point of a compound is determined by the strength of the intermolecular forces between its molecules. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.  Helium is a noble gas and has the weakest intermolecular forces, so it has the lowest boiling point. Chlorine is a diatomic molecule and has relatively weak intermolecular forces, so it has the second lowest boiling point. Hydrofluoric acid has stronger intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding, so it has a higher boiling point. Methanol also has hydrogen bonding, but it also has a larger molecular size, which increases the strength of the intermolecular forces and therefore has the highest boiling point of the compounds listed.

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Answer:

1-a

Explanation:

science to understand while tech. make the work easier

Tin is not easily oxidized and resists corrosion because it is protected by an oxide film. Tin resists corrosion from distilled sea and soft tap water, and can be attacked by strong acids, alkalis and acid salts. Tin is used in for can coating: tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation.

What happens when tin reacts with acid?

Characteristics: Metallic tin is soft and malleable. It slowly dissolves in dilute nonoxidizing acids or more readily in hot concentrated HCl. It reacts with HNO3 to form metastannic acid, H2SnO3, a white substance insoluble in alkalies or acids.

Tin can it oxidize things?

A reducing agent is TIN(II) OXIDE. due to slow oxidation to tin(IV) oxide, unstable in air. This oxidation starts to burn incandescently at 300 °C. powerful oxidizing agents incompatible.

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Answer:

1) The standard enthalpy change of neutralization is the enthalpy change when solutions of an acid and an alkali react together under standard conditions to produce 1 mole of water. Notice that enthalpy change of neutralization is always measured per mole of water formed. Enthalpy changes of neutralization are always negative - heat is released when an acid and and alkali react. For reactions involving strong acids and alkalis, the values are always very closely similar, with values between -57 and -58 kJ mol-1. That varies slightly depending on the acid-alkali combination (and also on what source you look it up in!).

2)same of n1

The parameters that would be different for a reaction carried out in the presence of a catalyst compared to the same reaction carried out in the absence of a catalyst are: ΔH‡, Ea, and k.

When a catalyst is present in a chemical reaction, it provides an alternative pathway with lower activation energy (Ea) for the reaction to occur. This means that the catalyst lowers the energy barrier for the reaction, making it easier for the reactants to reach the transition state and form the products. Consequently, the activation energy (Ea) is reduced in the presence of a catalyst.

The enthalpy change of the transition state (ΔH‡) is also affected by the presence of a catalyst. Since the catalyst provides an alternative pathway, the transition state formed in the presence of the catalyst may have a different enthalpy compared to the transition state in the absence of a catalyst.

Additionally, the rate constant (k) of the reaction is influenced by the catalyst. The catalyst increases the rate of the reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. As a result, the rate constant (k) is generally higher when a catalyst is present.

Therefore, the parameters that differ for a reaction carried out in the presence of a catalyst compared to the absence of a catalyst are ΔH‡, Ea, and k.

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If the experiment is repeated at the pH 11 level, the enzyme activity will be less than at the pH 9 level.

We can arrive at this answer because:

In this case, we can say that if the experiment is repeated at pH 11, the enzyme activity level will be even lower, since from pH 5 onwards, as the pH rises, the enzyme activity goes down.

The question above is incomplete, however, you can see a full version of it in the image below.

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Answer:

2 oxygen atoms make oxygen gas

A molecule of oxygen gas is composed of two oxygen atoms chemically bonded together. The symbol for oxygen is "O," and the atomic number is 8, indicating that each oxygen atom has 8 protons in its nucleus.

A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs between two atoms when they share one or more pairs of electrons. It is a strong bond that holds atoms together to form molecules.

In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration, typically by filling their outermost energy levels (valence shells). By sharing electrons, both atoms involved in the bond can achieve a more stable configuration, similar to the noble gas configuration.

In an oxygen gas molecule, the two oxygen atoms are held together by a covalent bond. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. In the case of oxygen gas, each oxygen atom shares two electrons with the other oxygen atom, resulting in a stable molecule.

Therefore, a molecule of oxygen gas is made up of two oxygen atoms (O) bonded together by a covalent bond.

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the solute is dissolved in the solvent.

the solvent is able to dissolve other substances.

a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances, meaning that its composition is identical in every sample.

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Two single bonds and two lone pairs of electrons: Oxygen molecule (O2)

Four single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: Methane molecule (CH4)

Three single bonds and one lone pair of electrons: Ammonia molecule (NH3)

Six single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: Carbon dioxide molecule (CO2)

Two double bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: Oxygen molecule (O2)

Three double bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: Nitrogen molecule (N2)

Five single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons: Phosphorus pentachloride molecule (PCl5)

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Three uses of coal:

1. Electricity generation

2. Steel production

3. Cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel

Hope it helps!

The number of atoms equals the number of moles, or N A. Being triatomic, CO 2 1 molecule of CO2 has 1 atom of C and 2 of the total number of atoms, which is 0. 5 3 6. 023 10 23 = 9. 0345 10 23 atoms. C has 0. 5. 1. 6. 023 10 23 = 3. 0115 10 23 atoms, according to the formula.

A molecule is created when two atoms are joined by a chemical bond. A diatomic molecule in this instance (prefix di- means two). The two main diatomic molecules in the air you are inhaling are nitrogen gas and oxygen gas. N2 and O2 are the formulas for them.

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Answer:

they are as follows

Explanation:

a. Origin And Measurement Of Earthquakes

b.Effects Of Earthquakes On Buildings

c.Seismic Design Strategies And Devices

Answer: Origin And Measurement Of Earthquakes, Effects Of Earthquakes On Buildings, Seismic Design Strategies And Devices.

Explanation:

A carbon atom with six protons and six neutrons will be electrically neutral if it contains six electrons. This balanced distribution of charges ensures that the total positive charge of the protons cancels out the total negative charge of the electrons, resulting in a neutral atom.

Protons carry a positive charge, while electrons carry a negative charge, so to maintain overall electrical neutrality, an atom must have an equal number of protons and electrons. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Each electron carries a negative charge that exactly balances the positive charge of a proton. The negatively charged electrons are distributed around the nucleus in energy levels or shells.

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Answer:

Aluminium is ordinarily classified as a metal. It is lustrous, malleable and ductile, and has high electrical and thermal conductivity. Like most metals, it has a close-packed crystalline structure and forms a cation in an aqueous solution.