Answers
Eukaryotic cells regulate gene expression through various mechanisms that occur before and after transcription, during transcription and after translation.
What are some of the ways that gene expression is regulated in eukaryotic cells?Here are some of the major ways that gene expression is regulated in eukaryotic cells:
Chromatin remodeling: The first step in gene expression is the unpacking of DNA from the tightly wound chromatin structure. Chromatin remodeling is the process by which DNA is made accessible to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins.
Transcription initiation: Once DNA is accessible, transcription factors bind to specific DNA sequences in promoter region of the gene, recruiting RNA polymerase to begin transcription.
RNA processing: After transcription, RNA transcript undergoes series of modifications, including the addition of 5' cap and a poly(A) tail, as well as splicing of introns.
Translation initiation: Translation of mRNA transcript into protein begins with the binding of ribosome to the 5' end of mRNA.
Post-translational modifications: After translation, protein may undergo a variety of post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and glycosylation.
Protein degradation: Proteins are constantly being synthesized and degraded in eukaryotic cells. The degradation of proteins can be regulated by presence of specific sequences within the protein.
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Related Questions
Energy is defined as the ability to
A. reproduce.
B. grow.
C. do work.
Answers
Answer:
its c
Explanation:
Answer:
C. to do work
Explanation:
A dilute solution has a
concentration of
molecules
O A. high, water
B. high, dissolved
C. low, water
D. equal, water and ion
Answers
It's Letter A.
Explanation:know why? it because molecules has a Higher concentration of water molecules.
When a solution is dilluted, more water is added to make the solution less the high concentrated!Answer:
Dilute solutions have a high concentration of water molecules.
Why is NAD+ so important if the cell takes the anaerobic pathway, so glycolysis to fermentation? Does the atp made in glycolysis depend on the NAD+ conversion to NADH in the first step? I am confused on why NAD+ is so important to atp production
Answers
Answer:
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is indeed crucial for ATP production, even in anaerobic pathways such as glycolysis followed by fermentation. Allow me to explain the significance of NAD+ and its role in ATP production.
During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. The conversion of NAD+ to NADH occurs during the oxidation of certain molecules, including glucose, in the pathway. This conversion is essential because NADH carries high-energy electrons that can be used in subsequent steps to generate more ATP.
In aerobic respiration, NADH is further utilized in the electron transport chain (ETC) within the mitochondria. The ETC transfers electrons from NADH to oxygen, generating a significant amount of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. However, in anaerobic conditions where oxygen is limited, like during fermentation, the ETC cannot function.
Here's where NAD+ becomes critical. In order to keep glycolysis running and continue generating ATP, the NADH produced during glycolysis must be converted back to NAD+. This allows glycolysis to continue producing ATP, even without the presence of oxygen. Without a mechanism to regenerate NAD+, glycolysis would halt due to a lack of NAD+, leading to a severe reduction in ATP production.
Fermentation pathways differ depending on the organism, but they all involve the regeneration of NAD+. For example, in lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is converted into lactate, which involves the transfer of electrons from NADH to pyruvate, regenerating NAD+. Similarly, in alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate is converted into ethanol, again regenerating NAD+.
In summary, NAD+ is essential in anaerobic ATP production because it serves as a coenzyme that accepts electrons and facilitates the conversion of NADH back to NAD+. By regenerating NAD+, cells can sustain glycolysis and continue producing ATP, even in the absence of oxygen.
The four levels of protein structure are primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure. Review the levels of protein structure by clicking the image below.
Drag each label into the appropriate bin depending on whether it applies to primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure.
Answers
Proteins are composed of a sequence of amino acids linearly arranged. To accomplish their functions thet must adopt different structures. Primary structure: Amino acid sequence. Secondary structure: Alpha helix. Beta pleated sheet. Results from hydrogen bonding between the backbone constitutents of the polypeptide. Tertiary structure: Results from interaction between side chains (R groups) of amino acids. The overall shape of the polypeptide. Quaternary structure: The aggregation of multiple polypeptide subunits.
What is the protein structure?Proteins are molecules composed of several amino acids.
Amino acids are monomers composed of
a central carbon, a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group (COOH), an amine group (NH₂), and an R group.
The R group is what differentiates one amino acid from another one.
Several amino acids linearly arranged and connected by peptidic bonds compose the polypeptide.
The peptidic bond is the union of two amino acids by their carboxyl and amine groups.
The R group of each amino acid stabilizes the molecule through their interactions.
The amount of amino acids that compose the polypeptide and their order in the chain determines the primary structure of the protein. The primary structure of the proteins determines the tertiary one.
Protein functions also depend on the amino acid sequences. Proteins with different functions have different sequences. And among species, proteins with similar functions have similar structures.
The primary structure is basically, the sequence of amino acids in the chain. It refers to the amino acid arrangement.
The secondary structure is achieved through hydrogen bonds (between -CO- and -NH- groups), when the polypeptidic chain folds and different regions of the molecule get in touch. The molecule can adopt conformations like the alpha-helix and beta-sheet.
The three-dimensional structure involves a higher folding degree, in a tridimensional space. This level makes the protein even more stable in the environment and capable of accomplishing its functions.
The quaternary structure can be seen when proteins are composed of more than one subunit. The way in which these subunits arrange is the fourth structure.
The hydrophilic R-groups stay permanently in the molecule interior, avoiding interaction with water.
In the image,
Primary structure: Amino acid sequenceSecondary structure: Alpha helix. Beta pleated sheet. Results from hydrogen bonding between the backbone constitutents of the polypeptide.Tertiary structure: Results from interaction between side chains (R groups) of amino acids. The overall shape of the polypeptide. Quaternary structure: The aggregation of multiple polypeptide subunits.You can learn more about protein structure at
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Define the five systems. Be sure to include enough information to distinguish each system from the others
Answers
Answer:
By definition, a body system is primarily comprised of different organs and tissues that work one another to achieve a common body process. These body systems would include:
Explanation:
Circulatory system - concerns with the circulation of blood
Digestive system - breaking down of food particles
Skeletal system - composed of bone structures serving as our body's framework
Nervous system - composed of nerve cells that responds to different stimuli
Respiratory system - concerns of utilizing the entry of oxygen and the exhalation of carbon dioxide.
Which of the following nutrient provide more energy? a. Protein b. Carbohydrate c. Lipids d. Vitamins
Answers
The nutrient which provide more energy is C. Lipids
Among the given options, lipids provide the most energy per unit mass. Lipids, also known as fats, are a concentrated source of energy in the diet. When metabolized, lipids yield approximately 9 kilocalories (kcal) of energy per gram.
Carbohydrates, including sugars and starches, provide approximately 4 kcal of energy per gram. They are a readily available source of energy for the body, particularly for short-term energy needs. Proteins also provide approximately 4 kcal of energy per gram. However, their primary role is not as an energy source but rather as the building blocks for tissues, enzymes, and other important molecules in the body.
Vitamins, on the other hand, do not provide significant energy. They are essential for various biochemical processes in the body but do not contribute directly to energy production.
It is important to note that while lipids provide the most energy per gram, the overall balance and variety of nutrients in a diet are crucial for maintaining optimal health. Nutrient needs vary based on individual factors, such as age, sex, activity level, and overall health goals. Therefore, Option C is correct.
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The swimming reflex is the combination of 2 unique factors. First, when submerged, babies will reflexively stop breathing through their nose. Secondly, their high voice boxes mean that any water will go into their _____.
Answers
Answer:
Trachea
Explanation:
The laryngeal reflex occurs and it is present in babies after birth. When water occupies or enters the mouth, the laryngeal reaction is triggered. While your infant is underwater, the glottis and epiglottis shut, keeping water from penetrating the throat(larynx and pharynx) and establishing a watertight barrier to the lungs. This is so to prevent the aspiration of water into the lungs.
describe the energy transfer that occurred between the lanuch of a rocket and its continuing flight out of the atmosphere.
Answers
The energy transfer that occurred between the lanuch of a rocket and its continuing flight out of the atmosphere is that the chemical energy stored in the fuel of the rocket is transformed into heat energy.
What is energy transfer?Energy transfer is defined as the process by which a form of energy is being transformed to another form without destruction of the energy.
There are various ways by which energy can be transferred and it includes the following:
Mechanical: That is through the action of a force.Electrical: That is, through the action of an electrical current.Radiation: Through Light waves or Sound waves.Heating: That is , through conduction, convection or radiation.When a rocket is being launched, the chemical energy in its fuel would be converted to another form of energy called heat energy through the actions of mechanical and heating processes of the rocket engine.
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Yawll better help me like you help others why might a juvenile scrub jay help its parents raise a new brood of chicks instead of building its own nest?
Answers
Answer:
Instead of building its own nest, a juvenile scrub jay might assist its parents in raising a new brood of chicks, because the jay will undoubtedly pass on some of its genes to offspring even though they are not its own.
Explanation:
I'm not sure if this was helpful enough-
So sorry if it isn't!
identify the stimulus, sensor, effector, and response of the aldosterone feedback loop based on the information in the above question. each worth 0.5pt
Answers
Juxtaglomerular cells serve as a sensor for the stimuli of low blood sodium levels. Aldosterone is effector. In response, the kidneys should absorb more sodium.
The kidneys release the hormone renin, which starts the aldosterone feedback loop, in response to a drop in blood volume and/or an increase in sodium levels. Angiotensin-converting enzyme then catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II by renin (ACE). The hormone aldosterone is subsequently stimulated by the release of angiotensin II into the bloodstream, where it binds to receptors in the adrenal cortex. The increase in sodium reabsorption caused by aldosterone's action on the kidneys and other tissues leads to the restoration of blood volume and sodium balance. Additionally, it promotes potassium ion release from the kidneys, which helps with sodium absorption.
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what is the difference between cork formation and gum formation in the plants as an immune mechanism
Answers
Answer:
Cork formation is a type of secondary growth that occurs in the stems and roots of woody plants. Gum formation, on the other hand, is a type of defense mechanism that occurs in response to injury or infection.
Explanation:
Below are the reduction half reactions for chemolithoautotrophic nitrification, where ammonia is a source of electrons and energy and oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor.
NO2- + 6e- -> NH4+ (+0.34 volts)
O2 + 4e- -> 2H2O (+0.82 volts)
Using the information given, calculate the ΔE for this reaction, balance the full reaction to determine the n, the number of electrons transferred when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized. Finally, use the simplified Nernst Equation
ΔG = -nFΔE, where F = 96.5 kJ (mol e- × V)-1
to determine the Gibbs Free energy available to do work!
Report your answer in kJ rounded to two decimal places.
Answers
The Gibbs free energy available to do work for the reaction is approximately -15,427.20 kJ, rounded to two decimal places.
To calculate the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) available to do work for the given reaction, we need to use the formula:
ΔG = -nFΔE
where ΔE is the potential difference, n is the number of electrons transferred, and F is the Faraday constant (96.5 kJ/(mol e- × V)).
First, let's calculate the ΔE for the reaction by subtracting the reduction potential of the anode (NH4+ to NO2-) from the reduction potential of the cathode (O2 to H2O):
ΔE = E(cathode) - E(anode)
= (+0.82 V) - (+0.34 V)
= +0.48 V
Next, we need to balance the full reaction to determine the number of electrons transferred (n) when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized. The balanced equation is as follows:
8NH4+ + 6O2 -> 8H2O + 6NO3- + 16H+
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 8 moles of NH4+ oxidized, 6 moles of electrons are transferred.
So, the number of electrons transferred (n) when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized can be calculated as:
n = (6 mol e- / 8 mol NH4+) × 440 mol NH4+
= 330 mol e-
Therefore, when 440 moles of NH4+ are oxidized, 330 moles of electrons are transferred.
Now, let's substitute the values into the equation:
ΔG = -nFΔE
= -(330 mol e-) × (96.5 kJ/(mol e- × V)) × (+0.48 V)
Calculating this expression, we find:
ΔG ≈ -15,427.20 kJ
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define and give 2 examples of each type of species relationship: define example example competition predation mutualism parasitism commensalism
Answers
Examples of commensalism are Whale and barnacles, for Parasitism human lice on the scalp, for mutualism Legumes and Rhizobium, for competition leopards and lions, and for predation shrews hunting worms and insects, or owls hunting mice.
(a) Commensalism is the association of organisms in which one organism gains while the other does not. For instance, whales and barnacles.
(b) Parasitism is a relationship of creatures where one life form is benefitted to the detriment of another. For instance, human lice on the scalp.
(c) Mutualism is a relationship between organisms in which both parties benefit. Legumes and Rhizobium are two examples.
(d) Competition between organisms of two distinct species for a common resource is referred to as interspecific competition. Take, for instance, the competition between leopards and lions over common prey.
(e) Predation occurs when one organism devours and kills another. The organism that kills, the predator, to the detriment of the organism that is being consumed, the prey, receives energy from predation in order to extend its lifespan and encourage reproduction. examples of predation are shrews hunting worms and insects, or owls hunting mice.
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18
In the second stanza, what does the speaker call "Mines of gold"?
A.nectar from the flowers
B.colors of the flowers
C.height of the flowers
D.smell of the flowers
Answers
The correct answer is B.
In the second stanza, the speaker calls "Mines of gold" to the colors of the flowers.
The second stanza in the poem 'To the Cuckoo' by William Wordsworth talks about the beauty of flowers and the way they provide nourishment and food to the bees. "The "Mines of precious stones" refer to the beauty of the flowers and how they contain nectar, which is like gold to the bees as it provides nourishment to them. Therefore, the speaker calls "Mines of gold" to the colors of the flowers.For such more questions on flowers
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SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME THIS IS DUE TONIGHT!!!! When the human body digests food, hydrolyzed carbohydrates that are produced move from the small intestine into the bloodstream. These hydrolyzed carbohydrate molecules are transported into the liver, where they are converted to glucose. The molecules of glucose are either stored in the form of glycogen or triglycerides or released back into the bloodstream for use by other body cells.
Two hormones regulate the levels of glucose in the blood - insulin and glucagon.
•When blood glucose levels are high (after eating; for example this signals the pancreas to secrete insulin. Insulin binds to receptors on body cells that allow cells to takeoff up glucose from the blood This action decreases blood glucose levels, as glucose leaves the blood and moves into cells
• When blood glucose levels are low after fast; for example), this signals the pancreas to secrete glucagon. Glucagon binds to receptors on liver cells that stimulate these cells to break down glycogen into glucose molecules and release them into the blood This action increases blood levels as glucose moves from its sto
rage location in liver cells into the blood
The graph below shows the changes in blood glucose levels in an individual over the course of day: It also shows the times when insulin and glucagon were secreted into the blood and the times that the individual ate meals
Evaluate the data shown to determine whether they demonstrate a negative feedback mechanism or a positive feedback system. Justify your conclusion.
Answers
In the given scenario, the regulation of blood glucose levels involves the hormones insulin and glucagon. This mechanism follows a negative feedback system.
When blood glucose levels are high, insulin is secreted, which allows cells to take up glucose from the blood, thus decreasing blood glucose levels. Conversely, when blood glucose levels are low, glucagon is secreted, stimulating the liver to break down glycogen into glucose and release it into the blood, increasing blood glucose levels.
When blood glucose levels deviate from the normal range, the body responds by secreting insulin or glucagon to bring the levels back to the normal range. The actions of insulin and glucagon are opposing and work to maintain the balance of blood glucose levels. As blood glucose levels increase, insulin is secreted to lower them, and as blood glucose levels decrease, glucagon is secreted to raise them. This feedback loop helps maintain homeostasis by keeping blood glucose levels within a certain range.
Therefore, the data demonstrate a negative feedback mechanism for the regulation of blood glucose levels.
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What foods don't have glucose in them?
Answers
Answer:
these are food that dont raise blood glucose but id-k if thats what ur looking for. if its not then just report the question and itl get delted :)
Avocados.
Fish.
Garlic.
Sour cherries.
Vinegar.
Vegetables.
Chia seeds.
Cacao.
Explanation:
Answer:
Avocados.
Fish.
Garlic.
Sour cherries.
Vinegar.
Vegetables.
Chia seeds.
Cacao.
Explanation:
there are more but these are like the top 8.
Which of the following would provide best evidence that the trait is dominant
Answers
Answer:
In genetics, a trait is considered dominant when it is expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygous individual, meaning that it only requires one copy of the dominant allele to be expressed. On the other hand, a recessive trait is only expressed when both copies of the allele are present in the individual's genotype.
To provide the best evidence that a trait is dominant, we would need to observe the trait in the phenotype of all individuals who carry at least one copy of the dominant allele. This means that if an individual has one dominant allele and one recessive allele, they should still show the dominant trait in their phenotype.
In practice, this could be demonstrated through a series of crosses between individuals with known genotypes. If the offspring of a cross between a homozygous dominant individual and a heterozygous individual all show the dominant trait, this would be strong evidence that the trait is dominant. Similarly, if the offspring of a cross between two heterozygous individuals show the dominant trait in a 3:1 ratio, this would also support the idea that the trait is dominant.
In general, the best evidence for a dominant trait would be consistent expression of the trait in the phenotype of individuals who carry at least one copy of the dominant allele. This can be observed through controlled breeding experiments and statistical analysis of the resulting offspring.
Please do not answer if you don't know this is a final I really need to pass 
Answers
A
i learned this last year
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In 1668 Francesco Redi did a series of experiments on spontaneous generation. He began by putting similar pieces of meat into eight identical jars. Four jars were left open to the air, and four were sealed. He then did the same experiment with one variation: instead of sealing four of the jars completely, he covered them with gauze (the gauze will exclude the flies while allowing the meat to be exposed to air). In both experiments, he monitored the jars and recorded whether or not maggots (young flies) appeared in the meat.
Refer to the paragraph on Redi's experiments. In both experiments, fies appeared in all of the open jars and only in the open jars. Which one of the following statements is correct?
A. The experiment was inconclusive because it did not nun long enough
B. The experiment supports the hypothesis that spontaneous generation occurs in rotting meat.
C. The expertment supports the hwpothesis that maggots arise only from eggs laid by adult flhes
D. The experiment was inconclusive because Redi used only one kind of meat
Answers
Answer:
The experiment supports the hypothesis that maggots arise only from eggs laid by adult flies; that is only from reproduction and development.
Explanation:
The objective of this experimental set up by Francesco Radi was to demonstrate the concept of spontaneous generation. He concluded that, Maggots are not spontaneous generated from rotten meats, rather they are products of eggs laid by houseflies who visited the rotten meat to lay eggs. The maggots (larva) are products of complete metamorphosis, from egg to larva to pupa and adult. This is an indication that, new organisms are not formed form spontaneously, but are products of well-defined process of reproduction and development which in this case is a complete metamorphosis.
Based on this premise he concluded that, if maggots were products of laid eggs, then they should appear only when rotten meat is exposed to open air.However,if they are f products of spontaneous generation they should appear irrespective of the meat exposure to air or not.
What are the six characteristics of living things?(one word for each) 1.have 2.use 3. 4.grow and 5.respond to 6. Blank 1: Blank 2: Blank 3: Blank 4: Blank 5: Blank 6:
Answers
Explanation:
1. Have
2. Use
3. Energy
4. Grow
5. Respond to
6. Environment
Viruses use the enzymes of the host cell to complete protein synthesis and DNA replication. Why
do they need to complete protein synthesis and DNA replication?
Answers
What is not true about parasite-host relationships? A. Both can be animals B. One can be a plant and the other an animal C. Both can be plants D. One must be an animals and the other one a plant
Answers
Answer:
one can be a plant and the other an animal
Mrs. Wallace used a force of 300N to accelerate a 150kg pile of ungraded papers because the time change made her cranky. What is the acceleration of the papers
Answers
Answer: The acceleration of the papers is 2 meters per second squared.
Explanation: To calculate the acceleration of the papers, we can use the following formula:
a = F/m
where: a represents the acceleration in square metres per second.
F is the force in Newtons, and m is the kilogrammes of mass.
When we enter the values we are aware of, we obtain:
a = 2 m/s2 when a = 300 N / 150 kg
The papers are therefore moving at an acceleration of 2 metres per second squared.
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Hello I need help better understanding if the body is in a anatomical position what direction would the palms and Hands facing I’m stuck
Answers
The palms open at the ventral side, and the back of the hand is the dorsal side. The dorsal and ventral sides are the two sides of the frontal plane.
FILL IN THE BLANK. Complete the following to describe the role that an operon plays in the synthesis of enzymes in prokaryotes.
An operon consists of an operator gene, a promoter gene, and the structural genes. When a repressor is bound to the operator, RNA polymerase cannot bind to the _________operatorpromoterstructural genes to start transcription of the _________operatorpromoterstructural genes. When a(n) _________helicaseinducerrepressorribosome is present, it binds to and inactivates the _________helicaseinducerrepressorribosomeRNA polymerase. This inactive _________helicaseinducerrepressorribosomeRNA polymerase can no longer bind to the operator. As a result, _________helicaseinducerrepressorribosomeRNA polymerase can bind to the promoter, leading to eventual transcription of the _________operatorpromoterstructural genes that encode the enzymes to be synthesized.
-operator
-promoter
-structural genes
Answers
An operon is a unit of genetic regulation in prokaryotes that controls the synthesis of enzymes.
It consists of three elements: an operator gene, a promoter gene, and structural genes. The operator gene acts as a switch, controlling access to the promoter gene, where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of the structural genes. The presence of a repressor protein can prevent RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter by binding to the operator. The repressor protein acts as a negative regulator, blocking transcription unless an inducer molecule is present. An inducer molecule can bind to the repressor, causing a change in its shape and leading to the release of RNA polymerase. With the repressor protein inactivated, RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter and initiate transcription of the structural genes, resulting in the synthesis of the enzymes encoded by these genes. In this way, operons provide a means for prokaryotes to respond to changing environmental conditions and control the production of enzymes accordingly.
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How are nutrients transported in the blood?
Answers
Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that transport absorbed nutrients.Without these, your body will not have the essential nutrients needed for specific places in the body.
What is the function of umbilical vein?Blood rich in oxygen and nutrients is transported from the placenta to the fetus by the umbilical vein.
The unpaired umbilical vein is a vein present during fetal development and it transports the nutrient- and oxygen-rich blood from the placental villi via the umbilical cord to the embryo. The umbilical vein is connected to the two intraembryonic umbilical veins.
Therefore, Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that transport absorbed nutrients.Without these, your body will not have the essential nutrients needed for specific places in the body.
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If the temperature of the skin is too low or too high this information is conveyed to an area of the brain called the
A. cerebellum.
B. hypothalamus.
C. cerebrum.
D. medulla oblongata.
E. spinal cord.
Answers
If the temperature of the skin is too low or too high, this information is conveyed to an area of the brain called the hypothalamus. Therefore the correct option is option B.
The hypothalamus is a small part of the brain that performs a variety of critical functions. The hypothalamus is found in the brain's basal region, at the bottom of the third ventricle. It is situated between the optic nerves and above the pituitary gland.
The hypothalamus is the body's regulatory centre. The hypothalamus is responsible for: Body temperature control Hunger regulation Thirst regulation Water and salt balance The release of hormones The control of emotional behaviour.The hypothalamus, in addition to these roles, controls the pituitary gland's function.
The hypothalamus sends information to the pituitary gland, which then transmits signals to other endocrine organs. The hypothalamus is also involved in the control of the autonomic nervous system. Therefore the correct option is option B.
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Triangle ABC is reflected across line L to form ΔALBLCL, and AAL intersects line L at point D. Which equation is not necessarily true?
A.
m∠ACB = m∠ALCLBL
B.
AD = ALD
C.
m∠BAC = m∠BLALCL
D.
ALD = BLD
Answers
Answer:
The equation that is not necessarily true is D. ALD = BLD. This is because the line of reflection (L) does not necessarily bisect the triangle ABC, so the lengths of ALD and BLD may not be equal.
Explanation:
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Which is required for a bacterial cell to replicate its DNA?
a. tRNA
b. DNA polymerase
c. Rna stand with an origin of replication
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
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Adrop of partient's blood shows clumping in anti B serum but not in anti A what is this person's blood group
Answers
Explanation: Antigen B and Antibody B clump/agglutinate together.