what is the hystorical perspective of photosynthesis​

Substrates are held in the active site of an enzyme by hydrogen and ionic bonds.

Ionic bonds are attracted by electrostatic forces, whereas hydrogen bonds are intermolecular forces. Ionic bonding occurs between permanent anions and cations, whereas hydrogen bonds occur between partial positive and partial negative charges. This is the main distinction between the two types of bonds.

In that they are created by the attraction of atoms with opposing polarity, hydrogen bonds are comparable to ionic bonds in this regard. They lack the strength of full or complete charges, however, as they are formed by the interplay of partial charges.

To know more about ionic and hydrogen bonds visit:

https://brainly.com/question/10777799

#SPJ4

Peristalsis and segmentation are processes that occur in the gastrointestinal tract during the digestive process.

Let's explore each process in detail:Peristalsis: Peristalsis is the process by which food is propelled through the digestive tract. In this process, muscular contractions occur in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, pushing food forward from one segment of the digestive system to the next. Segmentation: Segmentation is the process by which food is mixed and broken down into smaller pieces in the digestive tract. In this process, muscular contractions occur in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, causing the food to be mixed and churned in the stomach and small intestine. Peristalsis occurs throughout the digestive tract, starting from the esophagus and continuing all the way through to the anus. Segmentation primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine, where it helps to mix food with digestive enzymes and break it down into smaller pieces that can be more easily absorbed by the body.

To learn more about gastrointestinal here

https://brainly.com/question/31715552

#SPJ11

The base and sugar between DNA nucleotides are linked by hydrogen bonds. Option c.

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid which is a long molecule that carries genetic information and is found in the nucleus of a cell. It is composed of nucleotides that are linked together. Each nucleotide is composed of three components; a nitrogenous base, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group. The base is attached to the sugar and the sugar is attached to the phosphate group.Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that exist between a hydrogen atom of one molecule and the oxygen or nitrogen atom of another molecule. They occur when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and is also attracted to another electronegative atom. In DNA, the hydrogen bonds exist between the nitrogenous bases of nucleotides. There are four types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA; adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). Adenine always pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds and guanine always pairs with cytosine through three hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of the double helix structure together.

To know more about nucleotides visit:

https://brainly.com/question/16308848

#SPJ11

Answer:

Fish, Tilapia

Explanation:

Fish can live in the water tank

it releases carbon dioxide , which plants need for photosynthesis

ammonia from fish can also act as fertilizer for plant

If u want specific species, tilapia

can adapt to environment and withstand less than ideal water conditions

resistant to many pathogens and parasites

Answer: The answer is D: the bacteria create endospores making the bacteria resistant to environmental conditions.

Explanation:

The most likely reason that the bacteria that cause tetanus are able to survive in the soil is because they create endospores, which makes them resistant to environmental conditions. Endospores are a type of hardy, dormant form of the bacteria that can survive extreme conditions, such as heat, cold, and desiccation. By creating endospores, the bacteria are able to survive in the soil and remain inactive until they encounter a suitable host.

Many Body segments are very wholesome are essential such as a segment for digestion and a segment for reproduction.

In the above case, it would be more accurate to say that many bodily systems are essential for our overall health and well-being, and they each play important roles in maintaining our bodily functions. For example, the digestive system is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, while the reproductive system is responsible for producing and delivering offspring.

Therefore, It is important to note that while some bodily functions or segments may be considered more "wholesome" than others, each system is necessary and contributes to the overall functioning of the body. So, rather than categorizing them as wholesome or not, it's more useful to think of them as essential components of a complex and interconnected system.

P.S. Question seems incomplete and general definition is given.

Learn more about bodily systems on:

https://brainly.com/question/342055

#SPJ1

Answer:

The mirror is glass with one side silvery backing produces an image by reflection on only one surface. The lens is a transparent substance that produces images by refraction in any surface of the two surfaces. It can be plane or curved.

Explanation:

Answer: The mirror is a device based on the principle of reflection whereas the lens is based on the principle of refraction.

1. The low voltage-activated potassium channel (LVA) is activated by a small increase in membrane potential. Its role in the action potential is to repolarize the cell membrane after depolarization by allowing the efflux of potassium ions, which helps restore the negative resting potential of the cell.
2. The KA channel is activated by membrane depolarization. Its role in the action potential is to repolarize the cell membrane by allowing the efflux of potassium ions, which helps restore the negative resting potential of the cell.
3. The KCNQ or Slow delayed rectifier channels are mostly activated during the repolarization phase of the action potential. The function of this channel is to help maintain the resting potential of the cell by allowing the efflux of potassium ions. If this channel is inactivated, the cell may become hyperexcitable, leading to conditions such as epilepsy.

1. The low voltage-activated potassium channel (LVA) is activated by depolarization of the cell membrane. LVA channels are opened at membrane potentials below the action potential threshold and contribute to the repolarization phase of the action potential by allowing potassium ions to leave the cell and restore the resting membrane potential. LVA channels are also important in regulating neuronal excitability, as they help to shape the duration and frequency of action potentials.

2. The KA channel, or transient potassium channel, is activated by depolarization of the cell membrane and inactivation of the sodium channel. The KA channel plays a role in the early repolarization phase of the action potential by allowing potassium ions to leave the cell, thereby contributing to the afterhyperpolarization that occurs after an action potential. This helps to limit the frequency of action potentials and prevent excessive neuronal firing.

3. KCNQ or slow delayed rectifier channels are mostly activated at membrane potentials near the resting potential and play a critical role in regulating the resting membrane potential and preventing neuronal hyperexcitability. KCNQ channels are involved in generating the M-current, which is a type of potassium current that helps to stabilize the resting membrane potential by counteracting depolarizing currents. Inactivation of KCNQ channels can lead to neuronal hyperexcitability and is associated with several neurological disorders, including epilepsy and neuropathic pain. Activation of KCNQ channels has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for these conditions.

Learn more about action potential here:

https://brainly.com/question/29367357

#SPJ11

The fetal shunt that bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium is called the foramen ovale. It is a small opening in the septum between the two atria that allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the non-functioning lungs and flow directly into the systemic circulation. After birth, the pressure in the left atrium increases and closes the foramen ovale, redirecting blood flow to the lungs for oxygenation.

Foramen ovale refers to the shunt that avoids the lungs. Through this shunt, blood is transferred from the right atrium to the left atrium of the heart. Blood is transported from the pulmonary artery to the aorta by the ductus arteriosus. The placenta carries nutrients and oxygen from the mother's blood to the foetus.

know more about foramen ovale, here:

https://brainly.com/app/ask?q=32372652

#SPJ11

If you want to see something in fine detail, you should focus the light the cornea. The lens works together with the cornea to focus light correctly on retina.

When light hit on retina special cells called photo receptors turn the light into electrical signals. The lens are the clear part of eyes behind the iris that help to focus light and image on retina to see something clearly.Lens is the important part of eye when it comes to focusing light so that we can see perfect clear image.

The retina is the most sensitive part which can effect by more light because retina convert incoming light into electrical impulse.

To learn more about Retina here

https://brainly.com/question/13993307

#SPJ4

Saving other species and the ecosystem services they provide is essential for the well-being of our own species, cultures, and economies. By protecting biodiversity and ensuring the sustainability of ecosystems, we can safeguard our planet and secure a better future for all.

Saving other species, along with the ecosystem services they provide, is crucial for the well-being of our own species, cultures, and economies. Here's how it helps:

1. Biodiversity: The existence of a wide variety of species is essential for maintaining a healthy and balanced ecosystem. Each species plays a unique role in the food chain, nutrient cycling, and pollination. If any species becomes extinct, it can disrupt these important ecological processes, leading to negative impacts on our own species. For example, bees are vital pollinators, and their decline can affect agricultural productivity and food security.

2. Ecosystem services: Species contribute to various ecosystem services that directly or indirectly benefit humans. For instance, forests act as carbon sinks, helping mitigate climate change, while wetlands provide water purification and flood control. Protecting and restoring these habitats ensure the continuity of these services, which are essential for our own survival and well-being.

3. Cultural significance: Many species hold cultural and spiritual significance for different communities. They form an integral part of our cultural heritage, traditions, and identity. Losing these species can lead to the erosion of cultural diversity and the loss of traditional knowledge. By preserving species, we maintain the richness and uniqueness of our cultural heritage.

4. Economic benefits: Biodiversity and ecosystem services contribute significantly to our economies. Many industries rely on natural resources, such as timber, fish, and medicinal plants. Protecting these resources ensures their sustainable use, providing long-term economic benefits. Additionally, ecotourism, which relies on intact ecosystems and diverse wildlife, generates revenue and employment opportunities.

Learn more about economies here:-

https://brainly.com/question/18461883

#SPJ11

Answer:

a

Explanation:

to buy or avoid

Seafood Watch recommends which seafood to buy or avoid. Thus, option A is correct.

Seafood is food obtained from the sea. Unsustainable fishing methods, such as dragging and dynamite fishing, entrap or kill various species that are not necessarily targeted by the fishing industry. By identifying varieties of seafood that have been caught sustainably, Seafood Watch promotes them over those that have not.

The theory is that since only fisherman who employ sustainable practices are financially rewarded, they will outperform rivals. Based on rigorous scientific standards for environmental sustainability, our Seafood Watch program assigns grades to seafood collected or raised all around the world.

Our suggestions can be used by customers and business owners to locate seafood that has been farmed sustainably. Numerous species are included in the exhaustive list, along with information about where in the water they were caught—from the wild or from farms—and how they were harvested.

Therefore, Seafood Watch recommends which seafood to buy or avoid. Thus, option A is correct.

Learn more about species on:

https://brainly.com/question/9506161

#SPJ6

Answer:

D. Supporting

Explanation:

Ecosystem services include provisioning, regulating, culture and supporting services.

Opening of a mineral mine along a small mountain range will affect the supporting services of ecosystem because supporting services deals with soil formation, provision of habitat and nutrition cycle.

Opening of mineral mine will destroy the tosoil, landscape, forests and wildlife of mountain area which affect the supporting services such as habitat and soil formation.

Hence, the correct answer is "D. supporting".

orcas are a mammal and needs oxygen like humans, they have blowhole on the top of their head which help them breathe.

whenever they need oxygen, they come outside the water and take-up oxygen.

Like humans, they have lungs but is unable to take up oxygen all the time.

The whales can also store up oxygen as they have high content of hemoglobin and utilize it by slowing the metabolic rates and heart rates, while resting.

And they also cannot breathe through their mouth as the trachea is not connected to the whale throats.

To know more about orcas' whale,

https://brainly.com/question/10237835

#SPJ4

The right request that a sperm should go in is to arrive at the egg's vagina, cervix, uterus, and fallopian tube. The correct answer is (B).

To reach the outside of the body, sperm cells have to go through a series of ducts. The sperm travel through the epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra after leaving the testes.

The sperm must first be deposited in the vaginal vault, then swim through the uterus and into the fallopian tubes before fertilization can take place.

After that, the sperm travels up the spermatic cord and into the pelvic cavity through the deferent duct, over the ureter, and to the prostate behind the bladder. The ejaculatory duct, which enters the urethra after passing through the prostate, is formed here when the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle join here.

To learn more about the cervix here

https://brainly.com/question/10849926

#SPJ4

Q- Below is a list of anatomical structures that sperm encounter on their way to an egg. What is the correct order that sperm must travel in to reach the egg?

1. fallopian tube

2. vagina

3. uterus

4. cervix

a. 1, 2, 3, 4

b. 2, 4, 3, 1

c. 2, 4, 1, 3

d. 4, 2, 3, 1

Answer:

A. Vacuole

B. Chloroplast

C. Cell Wall

D. Mitochondria

E. Lysosome

F. Rough ER

Explanation:

I have notes from school with labeled cells

D. greenhouse gases is the answer

greenhouse gases

The atmosphere traps and distributes the sun's heat energy.

Pyruvic acid forms lactic acid in the absence of oxygen in skeletal muscles, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration that does not require oxygen or takes place in a lack of oxygen. It gives short-term energy and produces only 2 ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Without the use of oxygen, glucose is broken down during anaerobic cellular respiration. The chemical process gives the cell glucose energy. Lactic acid, which can cause excruciating muscle cramps, is created during fermentation instead of carbon dioxide and water. It occurs in skeletal muscles.

Pyruvate oxidizes NADH to produce lactic acid, which regenerates NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue to swiftly produce additional ATP.

Learn more about anaerobic respiration, here:

https://brainly.com/question/13515664

#SPJ1

Despite the known benefits of training in reducing expatriate failure, one study revealed that only a relatively low percentage of managers, approximately blank, receive training prior to departure for an expatriate assignment.

Training plays a crucial role in preparing managers for the challenges they may face during an expatriate assignment. It helps them develop the necessary skills, knowledge, and cultural sensitivity to navigate unfamiliar environments and effectively carry out their responsibilities. However, despite its importance, research indicates that the proportion of managers who receive training prior to their departure is surprisingly low.

The specific percentage mentioned in the question is missing, so it is not possible to provide an exact value. However, studies have shown that the percentage of managers receiving pre-departure training for expatriate assignments can vary significantly across organizations and industries. Factors such as cost constraints, time limitations, and a lack of awareness about the benefits of training may contribute to the low training rates.

It is worth emphasizing the importance of providing adequate training to expatriate managers. Training programs can cover a range of topics including cross-cultural communication, adaptation strategies, and job-specific skills relevant to the host country's business environment. By investing in comprehensive pre-departure training, organizations can enhance the success of expatriate assignments, reduce the likelihood of expatriate failure, and maximize the potential benefits derived from international assignments.

Learn more about departure here:

https://brainly.com/question/506135

#SPJ11

Answer:

Hope this helps :)

The ovule's protective coating is present or absent. The existence or absence of a protective covering around the ovule is the key distinction between angiosperms and gymnosperms.

In angiosperms, the female gametophyte is found in the ovule, a contained structure inside the ovary; in gymnosperms, the female gametophyte is found on the female cone's exposed bracts. Gymnosperms do not have double fertilisation, which is a crucial stage in the life cycle of angiosperms.

Gymnosperms are referred to as non-flowering plants, whereas angiosperms are referred to as blooming plants. Gymnosperms lack flowers or fruits in favour of having bare seeds on the surface of leaves, whereas angiosperms have seeds encased in an ovary (a fruit).

Gymnosperms and angiosperms vary primarily in how their seeds are produced. Angiosperm seeds form in the ovaries of flowers and are encased in a fruit for protection.

Learn more about angiosperms and gymnosperms refer

https://brainly.com/question/3296115

#SPJ14

Answer:

evolution probably

Explanation:

maybe they share the same ancestor

According to this platypus is an egg-laying mammal from Australia. The male platypus has venomous stingers on his back feet that he uses to stab and poison enemies.

The poisonous chemicals in platypus venom are also found in other animals is due to Evolution.

Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection.

Thus, evolution is probably the reason these animals end up using similar poisons.

To learn more about  evolution click here:

https://brainly.com/question/2725702

The hypothesis about the dwarf planet Pluto is falsifiable. This means that the hypothesis can be tested through experiments or observations to determine whether it is true or false.

The hypothesis that Pluto is made of ice, can be tested by observing the planet's surface and analyzing its composition. If the results show that Pluto is not made of ice, then the hypothesis is proven false.
On the other hand, a non-falsifiable hypothesis is one that cannot be tested or proven false. For example, if the hypothesis is that Pluto is the most beautiful planet in the solar system, this cannot be tested or proven false because beauty is a subjective concept and cannot be measured objectively.
For more such questions on Pluto, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/18726745

#SPJ11

Recombination rates for two genes separated buy 10 map units are 10%. True—1% of two genes recombining is represented by one map unit.

Your DNA is what builds and keeps up your human structure. Genes are parts in your DNA that are responsible for your unique physical characteristics.

A little DNA segment called a gene. Millions of little molecules known as bases make up DNA. A, C, T, & G are the four distinct chemical kinds. A gene is a sequence of DNA composed of an As, Cs, Ts, and Gs sequence. Every of your cells has around 20,000 of your genes due to how little they are.

To know more about gene visit

brainly.com/question/8832859

#SPJ4

Answer:

movement

Explanation:

the movement depends on the temp.

Answer:

movement

Explanation:

i hope its helps u

The most extreme number of various alleles of the beta-globin (b-globin) quality that could be conveyed by 6 kids with similar guardians, considering that the guardians are heterozygous, is 4.

This is on the grounds that each parent has two distinct alleles of the b-globin quality, one from each parent, and can give just a single allele to every kid through sexual generation.

Thus, every youngster can get both of the two alleles from one parent or the other allele from the other parent, yet not both.

This intends that there are two potential alleles that every youngster can get, making a sum of 4 unique alleles that could be conveyed by 6 kids.

To learn more about the beta-globin (b-globin) gene at

https://brainly.com/question/9662521

#SPJ4