What is the purpose of the NADH made during glycolysis?
A. It makes sugars more likely to explode.
B. It carries electrons and hydrogens to the electron transport chain.
C. It transports pyruvate around the cell
D. All of these.
E. It breaks down ATP.

A methylene chloride solution of a substance that dissolves to produce color is contained in a separatory funnel.

The ingredients of a mixture can be separated into two immiscible solvent phases of differing densities using a separatory funnel, sometimes referred to as a separation funnel, separating funnel, or simply  separatory funnel.

In contrast to the organic phase, which includes neutral chemicals, the aqueous part includes water as well as other charged species, and ions.

The less-dense solution would rest on top, while the heavier dense one will rest at the bottom. Due to their low density of less than 1 g/mL, the majority of the non-halogenated organic solvents would float on top of an aqueous solution.

Ether is usually on top of water when utilizing ether as well as water as the extraction solvents since it is less dense.

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Answer:

A. Atomic number is 8, mass number of M is 16

B. Oxygen, O

C. 8 valence electrons, valency is 2

Explanation:

A. Atomic number = proton number

M2- = 2 extra electrons after forming octet structure, so 10-2=8

8 corresponds to number of protons, so atomic number is 8.

Mass number is number of protons + neutrons = 8+8=16

B. 8 in periodic table corresponds to oxygen

C. Number of valence electrons in an oxide ion is 8, valency is two as it forms -2 charge

Answer:

a

Explanation:

organs are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive system. The small intestine has three parts.

The vapour pressure of mercury at 340.5°C in atm is 1.06 x 10^(-13)  atm

The normal boiling point of mercury is 356.7 °C.

Given that, the ∆Hvap of mercury = 58.51 kJ/mol

We know that at boiling point, the vapour pressure of the substance is 1 atm and with the increase in temperature, the vapour pressure of the substance also increases. We can use Clausius-Clapeyron Equation to calculate the vapour pressure of mercury at 340.5°C.

Clausius-Clapeyron equation is given by :

log(P2/P1) = - ∆Hvap/R [1/T2 - 1/T1]

Where, P1 = vapour pressure at boiling point of mercury = 1 atm

T1 = boiling point of mercury = 356.7 °C = 629.85 K

T2 = 340.5 °C = 613.65 K

∆Hvap = 58.51 kJ/mol

R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm/mol K

On substituting the values,

log(P2/1) = - 58510/(0.0821 ) x [1/613.65 - 1/629.85]

log(P2) = 29.87

(P2) =1.06 x 10^(-13)  atm

Thus, the vapour pressure of mercury at 340.5 °C is 1.06 x 10^(-13)  atm(approx).

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As a business, Starbucks must manage several critical risks to ensure its success. One critical risk is the potential for increased competition from other coffee shops and cafes, which could impact its market share and profitability. Additionally, Starbucks must manage the supply chain and operational risks, such as disruptions in the coffee bean supply or issues with its payment systems.

To maintain its success, Starbucks must also manage several key success factors. One important factor is its ability to maintain and grow its customer base, through marketing campaigns and delivering a high-quality customer experience. Additionally, Starbucks must continually innovate and introduce new products and services to stay relevant and meet evolving customer needs. Effective management of these critical risks and success factors is essential for Starbucks to maintain its position as a leader in the coffee industry.

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Answer:

4

Explanation:

Answer:

B.

Explanation:

I don't know much about this subject, but it seems that a wave is when the line is above the line in the middle.

There will be changes to the genotype of organisms, changes to the traits of the organism, and also changes in the production of proteins. The correct option is D.

A mutation is an alteration in any of the organism's DNA sequence. Mutations can occur as a consequence of errors in DNA replication during cell division, mutagen exposure, or viral infection.

Depending on the context or location, mutational effects can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.

The majority of non-neutral mutations are harmful. In general, the greater the number of base pairs affected by a mutation, the greater the effect of the mutation and the greater the likelihood of the mutation being deleterious.

Mutations that are harmful can result in genetic disorders or cancer. A genetic disorder is a disease that results from a mutation in one or more genes.

Changes in the genotype of organisms, changes in the traits of the organism, and changes in protein production will all occur after the replication which could have occurred as a result of this change in structure.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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Answer:

First one answer is physical and other remaning chemical

Answer:

Hydrogen is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas.  

physical

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hydrogen is very combustible in the presence of oxygen.  

chemical

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hydrogen is very reactive with most elements.  

chemical

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hydrogen is the least dense of all elements.  

physical

Answer:

102 g Al₂O₃

Explanation:

The theoretical yield is the mass of product calculated via the molar masses and balanced chemical equation.

The limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely reacted before the other reactant(s) are used up. Since Al produces the smaller amount of product, it appears that Al is the limiting reactant. You can only make as much product as the limiting reactant allows. As such, the theoretical yield is 102 grams Al₂O₃.

Answer:

The new concentration of the solution is;

0.01 M

Explanation:

The question relates to concentration of solution and proportion of mixtures

The given parameters are;

The volume of water added to the 0.1 M solution = 900 mL

The initial volume of the solution to which water was added = 100 mL

Therefore, the total final volume of the solution = 100 mL + 900 mL = 1000 mL = 1 L

The concentration of the solution = 0.1 M

The number of moles present in the solution, 'n', is given as follows;

n = 100 mL/(1000 mL) × 0.1 M = 0.01 moles

Given that no more concentrated solution was added, we have;

The number of moles in the 100 mL solution   = The number of moles in the 1,000 mL solution

Therefore, the number of moles in the 1,000 mL (1 L) solution = 0.01 moles

Therefore;

The new concentration of the 1,000 mL (1 L) solution = 0.01 moles/(1,000 mL) = 0.01 moles/(1 L) = 0.01 M (By definition of the molarity of a solution)

The new concentration of the 1,000 mL (1 L) solution = 0.01 M.

D. 0.01 M

Given:

The volume of water added to the 0.1 M solution = 900 mL

The initial volume of the solution to which water was added = 100 mL

So,

The total final volume of the solution = 100 mL + 900 mL = 1000 mL = 1 L

The concentration of the solution = 0.1 M

Firstly we need to find the number of moles which is represented by 'n':

 \(n = \frac{100mL}{1000mL}* 0.1 M\\\\n = 0.01 \text{moles}\)

 The number of moles in the 100 mL solution   = The number of moles in the 1,000 mL solution

Thus,

The number of moles in the 1,000 mL (1 L) solution = 0.01 moles  

For calculation of new concentration:

Using Molarity formula:

The new concentration of the 1,000 mL (1 L) solution \(= \frac{0.01\text{ moles}}{1000mL} = \frac{0.01\text{ moles}}{1L} = 0.01 M\)

The new concentration of the 1,000 mL (1 L) solution = 0.01 M.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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Answer:

D.) A symbol of magnesium Mg has two dots representing two free electrons.

Explanation:

Magnesium is located in the second group (column) of the periodic table. Elements located here have 2 valence electrons in their outermost shell. Thus, the electron dot diagram of magnesium has 2 dots symbolizing the 2 valence electrons.

Answer:

The parameter of an atom that defines its unique position in the periodic table is its atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Molarity

Chemists primarily need the concentration of solutions to be expressed in a way that accounts for the number of particles that react according to a particular chemical equation. Since percentage measurements are based on either mass or volume, they are generally not useful for chemical reactions. A concentration unit based on moles is preferable. The molarity (M) of a solution is the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution. To calculate the molarity of a solution, you divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solution expressed in liters.

Note that the volume is in liters of solution and not liters of solvent. When a molarity is reported, the unit is the symbol M and is read as “molar”. For example a solution labeled as 1.5 M NH 3 is read as “1.5 molar ammonia solution”.

Sample Problem: Calculating Molarity

A solution is prepared by dissolving 42.23 g of NH 4 Cl into enough water to make 500.0 mL of solution. Calculate its molarity.

Step 1: List the known quantities and plan the problem.

& underline{text{Known}} &&underline{text{Unknown}} \& text{mass}=42.23 text{g} NH_4Cl && text{molarity}= ? text{ M}\& text{molar mass} NH_4Cl=53.50 text{g} / text{mol} \& text{volume solution}=500.0 text{mL}=0.5000 text{L}

The mass of the ammonium chloride is first converted to moles. Then the molarity is calculated by dividing by liters. Note the given volume has been converted to liters.

Step 2: Solve.

42.23 text{ g } NH_4Cl times frac{1 text{ mol } NH_4Cl}{53.50 text{ g } NH_4Cl} &= 0.7893 text{ mol } NH_4Cl\frac{0.7893 text{ mol } NH_4Cl}{0.5000 text{ L}} &= 1.579 text{ M}

Step 3: Think about your result.

The molarity is 1.579 M, meaning that a liter of the solution would contain 1.579 mol NH 4 Cl. Four significant figures are appropriate.

In a laboratory situation, a chemist must frequently prepare a given volume of solutions of a known molarity. The task is to calculate the mass of the solute that is necessary. The molarity equation can be rearranged to solve for moles, which can then be converted to grams. See sample problem 16.3.

Sample Problem:

A chemist needs to prepare 3.00 L of a 0.250 M solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ). What mass of KMnO 4 does she need to make the solution?

Step 1: List the known quantities and plan the problem.

Known

molarity = 0.250 M

volume = 3.00 L

molar mass KMnO 4 = 158.04 g/mol

Unknown

mass KMnO 4 = ? g

Moles of solute is calculated by multiplying molarity by liters. Then, moles is converted to grams.

Step 2: Solve.

text{mol KMnO}_4 = 0.250 text{ M KMnO}_4 times 3.00 text{ L} &= 0.750 text{ mol KMnO}_4\0.750 text{ mol KMnO}_4 times frac{158.04 text{ g KMnO}_4}{1 text{ mol KMnO}_4} &=119 text{ g KMnO}_4

Step 3: Think about your result.

When 119 g of potassium permanganate is dissolved into water to make 3.00 L of solution, the molarity is 0.250 M.

Answer:

combining iron, carbon and transition metals such as chromium and nickel.

Explanation:

Steels are alloys of iron and carbon. Steel is hard, tough and strong. The amount of carbon present in varies between 0.1 and 1.5% and it determines the hardness of steel. The higher the carbon content, the harder the steel produced. Also, the amount of heat treatment as well as presence of other elements determines the properties of steel produced.

Steel can be combined with other elements such as nickel, chromium, and manganese to produce various other alloys of steel . These alloys have various desirable properties than ordinary steel such as resistance to corrosion, high tensile strength and luster.

The specie that we were asked to identify is the sodium ion.

An atom is the smallest particle of a substance that can take part in a chemical reaction. Now we know that the atom is composed of the electrons, protons and neutrons.

In the sodium ion, there are 10 electrons, 11 protons and 12 neutrons. As such, the mass number of sodium is 23. It then follows that the specie that we were asked to identify is the sodium ion.

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Answer:

Most foods are made out of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen

Explanation:

Answer:

By measuring friction along faults, scientists can tell where rocks are moving along easily and where they are locked. They hope to use this information to predict where major earthquakes might occur.

Explanation:

Answer:

By measuring friction along faults, scientists can tell where rocks are moving along easily and where they are locked. They hope to use this information to predict where major earthquakes might occur.

Explanation:

tOaTLLY DiDnT cOpY iT

Tow it's time to put all of the digestive anatomy and physiology together to get a "big picture" view of the digestive system. The pathway that three different nutrients take from their ingestion at the mouth to their arrival at the heart: a cookie (primarily carbohydrates), an egg (primarily protein), and greasy fried food (primarily lipids).

Anatomical pathway:

a) Cookie (carbohydrates):

The cookie is broken down mechanically in the mouth through chewing and mixed with saliva containing salivary amylase, initiating the digestion of carbohydrates. The food bolus then travels down the esophagus through peristaltic contractions and enters the stomach.

In the stomach, gastric acid and enzymes continue to break down the carbohydrates. The partially digested food, called chyme, moves into the small intestine. In the small intestine, pancreatic amylase and brush border enzymes further break down the carbohydrates into simple sugars.

The final step is the absorption of these sugars through the intestinal epithelium into the bloodstream. From there, they are transported to the liver via the hepatic portal system and eventually reach the heart.

b) Egg (protein):

The egg is broken down mechanically and chemically in the stomach. The stomach secretes gastric acid and the enzyme pepsinogen, which is converted to pepsin, initiating protein digestion.

The partially digested proteins form chyme, which enters the small intestine. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes and brush border enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. These amino acids are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium into the bloodstream. They also travel through the hepatic portal system to the liver and then to the heart.

c) Greasy fried food (lipids):

The greasy fried food is mechanically broken down in the mouth and mixed with saliva. In the stomach, some emulsification of lipids occurs due to the agitation caused by gastric contractions.

However, the majority of lipid digestion occurs in the small intestine. Bile salts, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, emulsify the lipids, increasing their surface area for digestion by pancreatic lipase. Pancreatic lipase breaks down the triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides.

These products, along with bile salts, form micelles that allow for absorption through the intestinal epithelium. Once absorbed, the fatty acids and monoglycerides are reassembled into triglycerides, packaged into chylomicrons, and transported through the lymphatic system. Eventually, they reach the bloodstream, travel through the systemic circulation, and reach the heart.

Physical and chemical processes:

a) Carbohydrates:

The physical process of chewing breaks down the cookie into smaller particles, increasing its surface area. The chemical process involves the action of salivary amylase, gastric acid, pancreatic amylase, and brush border enzymes, which hydrolyze the complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

b) Proteins:

The physical process of chewing helps break down the egg into smaller pieces. The chemical process involves the action of gastric acid, pepsinogen, and pancreatic and brush border enzymes. These enzymes break down the proteins into peptides and amino acids.

c) Lipids:

The physical process of chewing and the mechanical mixing of lipids with saliva aid in breaking down the greasy fried food. The chemical process involves the emulsification of lipids by bile salts, the action of pancreatic lipase, and the formation of micelles. Pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides, which are then absorbed and processed into chylomicrons.

In conclusion, the digestive system is a complex and coordinated system

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The statement you provided refers to the determination of the van't Hoff factor (i) for strong electrolytes. The van't Hoff factor represents the number of ions produced per mole of solute dissolved in a solution.

For example, when calcium chloride (CaCl2) dissolves, it dissociates into three ions: one Ca2+ ion and two Cl- ions. Therefore, the van't Hoff factor (i) for CaCl2 is 3 because it produces three ions per mole of solute dissolved.

Similarly, when ammonium phosphate (NH4)3PO4 dissolves, it dissociates into four ions: three NH4+ ions and one PO43- ion. Thus, the van't Hoff factor (i) for (NH4)3PO4 is 4 because it yields four ions per mole of solute dissolved.

The van't Hoff factor is essential in various calculations related to colligative properties, such as boiling point elevation and freezing point depression, where it is used to account for the number of particles in solution.

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The IMViC test with a green color indicating a negative result is the citrate test. So, the correct answer is option b) citrate.

The IMViC tests consist of four tests that are used to differentiate between members of the Enterobacteriaceae family of bacteria. Of these tests, the indole test is the only one that does not produce a color change. Instead, it is a biochemical test that detects the ability of bacteria to produce the enzyme tryptophanase, which breaks down the amino acid tryptophan to produce indole, pyruvate, and ammonia.

A positive indole test result is indicated by the presence of a red color after the addition of Kovac's reagent, while a green color indicates a negative test result. Therefore, the correct answer to your question is b) citrate.
The IMViC test with a green color indicating a negative result is the citrate test. So, the correct answer is option b) citrate.

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The area = 313.612 cm²

Force (F) can cause objects to move

While pressure (P)is the force per unit area

\(\tt P=\dfrac{F}{A}\)

weight=force=105 pounds(lb)⇒english units

pressure = 2.16 lb/in²

Thea are (A)

\(\tt A=\dfrac{F}{P}=\dfrac{105}{2.16}=48.61~in^2\\\\1~in^2=6,4516~cm^2\\\\48.61~in^2=313,612~cm^2\)

When choosing a substance for use in a cooling system, we want a substance that can absorb a large amount of heat without undergoing a significant temperature change. This is where the specific heat capacity of a substance comes into play.

The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one unit of mass of the substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). A substance with a high specific heat capacity requires more heat to raise its temperature by a certain amount than a substance with a low specific heat capacity. Therefore, a substance with a high specific heat capacity would be best for use in a cooling system.

Out of the options given, a liquid with a high specific heat would be the best choice for use in a cooling system. Liquids have a higher specific heat than gases, which makes them better at absorbing and storing heat. Additionally, liquids have a higher thermal conductivity than solids, which means they can more efficiently transfer heat from one location to another.

Moreover, among the liquids, water is a commonly used coolant due to its high specific heat capacity, which means it can absorb a large amount of heat without undergoing a significant temperature change. Additionally, water has a high boiling point, which makes it effective at absorbing heat from high-temperature sources without boiling and evaporating.

In summary, a liquid with a high specific heat, such as water, would be the best choice for use in a cooling system due to its ability to absorb and store heat efficiently.

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Osmosis is the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane.

From the given choices none of them is completely true.

Osmosis not always causes crenation.

In osmosis, solute particles do not travel through the membrane.

And water flows from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration.

It means that the correct answer is E. none are correct.

The answer is 2.19×10−2 with three significant figures. The correct number of significant figures is determined by the data with the least amount of significant figures, which in this case is 0.080.

Figure is a term that is used to describe a shape, design, pattern, or form. It can also be used to refer to a diagram or an illustration. Figures are used to explain and illustrate concepts, facts, and phenomena in various fields of study, including mathematics, science, and the humanities. Figures are also used in art, design, and architecture to create visual compositions that have a certain aesthetic appeal. They can be used to represent ideas, concepts, and emotions.

Since 0.080 has three significant figures, the answer must also be rounded to three significant figures.

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The answer is 2.19×10⁻² with three significant figures. The correct number of significant figures is determined by the data with the least number of significant figures, which in this case is 0.080.

Figure is a term that is used to describe a shape, design, pattern, or form. It can also be used to refer to a diagram or an illustration. Figures are used to explain and illustrate concepts, facts, and phenomena in various fields of study, including mathematics, science, and the humanities. Figures are also used in art, design, and architecture to create visual compositions that have a certain aesthetic appeal. They can be used to represent ideas, concepts, and emotions.

Since 0.080 has three significant figures, the answer must also be rounded to three significant figures.

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The first blank should be filled with "chemical shift." The chemical shift is the position of a signal on the NMR spectrum, and it is measured in parts per million (ppm). The chemical shift is determined by the magnetic field experienced by the hydrogen atoms in the molecule and is influenced by the surrounding electron density.

The second blank should be filled with "splitting." Splitting is the appearance of a signal on the NMR spectrum and is caused by the spin-spin coupling between neighboring hydrogen atoms. The splitting is based on the formula N+1, where N is the number of equivalent neighboring hydrogen atoms. The splitting pattern gives information about the number and arrangement of hydrogen atoms in the molecule.

The third blank should be filled with "integration." Integration is the area under a signal on the NMR spectrum and is proportional to the number of hydrogen atoms that produce the signal. Integration allows us to determine the relative number of hydrogen atoms in different parts of a molecule and is useful in determining the molecular formula of an unknown compound.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

In chemistry, a mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are not chemically combined. A mixture is the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspensions, and colloids.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Mixtures can be separated because the different substances have different properties

A tin (Sn) atom has four valence electrons. Valence electrons refer to the electrons located in the outermost shell or energy level of an atom.

In tin, it has an electronic configuration of [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p2 where [Kr] represents the 36 innermost electrons from the noble gas krypton (Kr).This arrangement has two electrons in the 5s sublevel, ten electrons in the 4d sublevel, and two electrons in the 5p sublevel. The highest energy level or outermost shell is the fifth shell, which contains the two 5s electrons and two 5p electrons.

Therefore, a tin atom has a total of four valence electrons.The number of valence electrons determines how an atom will react or bond with other atoms. Tin is a metal and, like most metals, tends to lose electrons to form positive ions. In particular, tin can lose its four valence electrons to form a Sn4+ ion.

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The oxidation state of Ca in CaSO₄ is +2. The charge of the whole group SO₄ is -2. The charge of S is +6 and that of O is -2.

The oxidation state of a species is the numerical charge it possess. Thus, it is the number of electrons the element lost or gained. The total charge of a compound will be zero and every compound tends to exist as neutral.

The total charge of the compound CaSO₄ is zero and that of SO₄ is -2. Hence, to neutralize that Ca lose 2 electrons and form in +2 oxidation state.

The charge of one oxygen is -2. Here we have 4 oxygens and the total charge of all oxygens is -8 in the group SO₄.

Now, the charge of S = (-2) - (-8) = +6. Hence, the oxidation state of sulphur is +6.

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