Which of the following best states the hypothesis tested by Abrahams and Townsend while investigating the natural selection of copepods that avoid predation of bioluminescent dinoflagellates?A) Copepods that avoid bioluminescent dinoflagellates are less likely to be eaten by predators than copepods that feed on the bioluminescent dinoflagellates.B) Bioluminescent flagellates benefit from selection of flashing, because it startles the copepods.C) The bioluminescent dinoflagellates produce enough light that they can also photosynthesize at night, harming the copepods.D) The light emitted by bioluminescent dinoflagellates is of sufficient wavelength and energy to be dangerous to feeding copepods.E) None of the answer choices are correct.
Answers
Option A, which states that copepods that avoid bioluminescent dinoflagellates are less likely to be eaten by predators than copepods that feed on the bioluminescent dinoflagellates, is the hypothesis tested by Abrahams and Townsend while investigating the natural selection of copepods that avoid predation of bioluminescent dinoflagellates. The correct option is A.
The natural selection of copepods that avoid predation of bioluminescent dinoflagellates was investigated by Abrahams and Townsend.
Option A, which states that copepods that avoid bioluminescent dinoflagellates are less likely to be eaten by predators than copepods that feed on the bioluminescent dinoflagellates, is the hypothesis tested by Abrahams and Townsend while investigating the natural selection of copepods that avoid predation of bioluminescent dinoflagellates.
Option B is incorrect because it speaks of bioluminescent flagellates and not dinoflagellates.
Option C is incorrect because it indicates that the bioluminescent dinoflagellates are harming the copepods, which is not what the study is about.
Option D is incorrect because it suggests that the bioluminescent dinoflagellates are dangerous to copepods while feeding. Finally, option E is incorrect because option A is correct.
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Related Questions
Which organelle stores water and helps to maintain the plant cell shape? (4 points)BНЕAreFGH
Answers
H. Vacuole
The central vacuole is the organelle able to store water and also maintain the cell shape. It`s sorrounded by a membrane and contains many dissolved substances.
where do adaptations come from?
Answers
Adaptations come from natural selection acting on heritable genetic variation within a population.
What is an adaptation?Adaptations come from a combination of genetic variation and natural selection. Genetic variation refers to the differences that exist between individuals within a species, which can be inherited from their parents or arise from mutations.
Natural selection acts on these variations, favoring those traits that provide an advantage in a particular environment. Over time, this process can lead to the development of new adaptations that better suit an organism's needs and increase its chances of survival and reproduction.
Adaptations can also be shaped by other factors, such as the influence of cultural practices or human intervention.
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Lily visits her family doctor because she experiences an upset stomach after drinking milk. The doctor tells her that this symptom is caused by a lack of the enzyme lactase. Lactase breaks down lactose, the sugar in milk which is made of several parts. What does lactose break down into?
Answers
Answer:
Glucose
Explanation:
The lactose is broken down by the Lactase in the intestine to form a substance called glucose. Glucose is a form of sugar like substance and is necessary for the human body.
Answer:
please mark my answer brainliest
Explanation:
sugar is broken down by lactase enzyme into glucose...and other starch items are also broken down into glucose...thus helps the highly sugar containing foods to be broken down into smaller particles thus helping the food to get digested...properly...
Cardiac muscle is striated.
Why is this beneficial?
A. because striated muscle has digestive enzymes, allowing it to
break through clogged arteries
B. because striated muscle tires easily
C. because striated muscle is voluntary, allowing you to stop your
heartbeat if necessary
D. because striated muscles can be trained, allowing you to
strengthen your heart with exercise
Answers
Answer:
D. because striated muscles can be trained, allowing you to strengthen your heart with exercise
Explanation:
Striated muscles convert chemical energy into physical work. You can make your striated muscles stronger with exercise. This helps the heart perform its function better and more efficiently.
Striated muscle does not have digestive enzymes and does not play a role in digestion. Striated muscles are very strong, and besides, that doesn't show why its beneficial anyway. It is impossible to voluntarily stop your heartbeat. If you did, you'd die.
Therefore, the best answer is D.
hope this helps!
How is the loss of a keystone species from an ecosystem similar to the loss of an indicator species.
Answers
Answer:
Loss of a keystone species or indicator species help in indications for some type of environmental condition, however, the loss of the indicator species takes place due to some change whereas the keystone species is itself affects the particular ecosystem.
Explanation:
Discussion Topic
Heart disease is the leading cause of death among both men and women in the United States. It is usually caused when a sticky substance called plaque builds up in the arteries. Often, the only symptoms of heart disease are chest pain or discomfort.
Why do you think heart disease is so prevalent in the United States? How could heart disease affect other organ systems?
Answers
B. If blood isn’t being pumped to the other organs then they shut down
Hope this helps! :)
Heart disease is prevalent in the United States due to various risk factors, including unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, smoking, obesity, and high-stress levels.
The modern lifestyle in the United States often involves poor dietary choices, such as consuming high levels of processed and unhealthy foods, which contribute to the development of plaque in the arteries. Sedentary lifestyles and limited physical activity also play a significant role in increasing the risk of heart disease.
Heart disease can have far-reaching effects on other organ systems. As the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, other organs may not receive sufficient oxygen and nutrients, leading to various health complications. Reduced blood flow to the brain can result in cognitive impairments, while inadequate blood supply to the kidneys may lead to kidney damage.
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a increase in breathing rate can be triggered by an increase in the carbon dioxide containing in the blood. the increase in breathing rate is caused by a mechanism called
Answers
when there is high concentration of co2 in our body then respiratory centre ( medulla and pons) get activated and it increase rate of respiration which decreases co2 concentration
The apneustic (stimulating) and pnuemotaxic (limiting) centers of the pons work together to control rate of breathing.
What is medulla?Medulla is defined as the lowest part of the brain and the lowest portion of the brainstem. The medulla oblongata is connected by the pons to the midbrain and is continuous posteriorly with the spinal cord, with which it merges at the opening (foramen magnum) at the base of the skull.
The medulla sends signals to the muscles that initiate inspiration and expiration and controls nonrespiratory air movement reflexes, like coughing and sneezing.
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The scientists are planning an experiment using a light microscope to collect data. Which statement BEST describes how the scientists can identify nonliving samples?
Group of answer choices
The scientists should look for samples that do not have a regular pattern of shapes when viewed under the microscope.
The scientists should look for samples that have objects that look bigger when viewed under the microscope.
The scientists should look for samples that do not have a nucleus or cell membrane when viewed under the microscope.
The scientists should look for samples that have carbon atoms when viewed under the microscope.
Answers
Answer:
The scientists should look for samples that do not have a nucleus or cell membrane when viewed under the microscope.
Explanation:
A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature.
A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.
In a cell, the "workers" that perform various functions or tasks for the survival of the living organism are referred to as organelles. Some examples of cell organelles with their respective functions in all living organisms such as trees, birds, and bacteria include; nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, chromosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, etc.
Generally, all nonliving organisms or things do not have life or cells in them and as such are devoid of cell organelles.
In this scenario, the scientists are planning an experiment using a light microscope to collect data. Thus, the statement which best describes how the scientists can identify nonliving samples is that, the scientists should look for samples that do not have a nucleus or cell membrane when viewed under the microscope.
Answer:
Scientists should look for samples that do not have a nucleus or cell membrane when viewed under the microscope.
Explanation:
do plants use the process of cellular respiration? explain why or why not.
Answers
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
they use mitochondria of animals and plants to break down sugar to release energy in the form of ATP
What is the structure and function of genes?
Answers
Structure of genes:
A gene is composed of a nucleotide chain, which is made up of DNA strands. Genes are composed of nucleotides.
DNA consists of A, T, G, and C nucleotides. Hydrogen bonds form with opposite-strand nucleotides, and phosphodiester bonds form with adjacent-strand nucleotides
Nucleotides are composed of nitrogenous bases (A, T, G, and C), phosphate, and pentose sugar
Genes consist of two types of elements: core elements and regulatory elements.
In fact, core sequences or elements play an important role in protein synthesis. Gene expression is maintained by regulatory elements.
Among the most important elements of DNA are exons. The regulatory elements of a gene are sequences like promoters, enhancers, and silencers.
Function of genes:
A gene's primary function is to form or manufacture proteins, but it's not the only one. Indeed, it's partially true.
Some genes do not produce protein even though microRNAs, for example, are tiny ribonucleic acids formed from some genes, but they don't produce proteins. Instead, it regulates gene expression.
A gene carries instructions that determine your features, such as eye colour, hair colour, and height. For each feature, there are several gene variations.
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Which of the statements below best describes the classical pathway of complement?
1) An enzyme expressed by the microbe cleaves a complement protein, which triggers a series of events that lead to C3 cleavage.
2) Antibodies bound to a microbe recruit C1q, which activates a series of events that lead to C3 cleavage.
3) C3 is spontaneously cleaved and remains activated upon interaction with the microbial surface.
4) Lectins bound to a microbe recruit complement proteins, which leads to C3 cleavage.
Answers
The classical pathway of complement is best described by option 2, which states that antibodies bound to a microbe recruit C1q, initiating a series of events that lead to C3 cleavage. Option 2 is correct answer.
The classical pathway of complement is one of the three main activation pathways of the complement system. It is primarily initiated by the binding of antibodies, specifically IgM or IgG, to a microbe's surface. In option 2, it states that antibodies bound to a microbe recruit C1q, which is the first component of the classical pathway. C1q, along with other complement proteins (C1r and C1s), form the C1 complex.
Upon binding to the microbe, the C1 complex becomes activated and initiates a cascade of enzymatic reactions, resulting in the cleavage phagocytes of complement protein C3. The cleavage of C3 leads to the formation of C3b, which opsonizes the microbe for phagocytosis and generates the membrane attack complex (MAC) to lyse the microbe.
Options 1, 3, and 4 do not accurately describe the classical pathway of complement. Option 1 describes the alternative pathway, option 3 describes spontaneous cleavage (which is not a characteristic of the classical pathway), and option 4 describes the lectin pathway. Therefore, option 2 provides the most accurate description of the classical pathway of complement.
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8.
Scientists must be able to do which of the following?
understand other subjects much better than science
Past Due: Wed 07/01
ng in Science
create good hypotheses based on research
Past Due: Wed 07/01
Design
do experiments without background research
ast Due: Thu 07/02
eg Results
test multiple hypotheses in one experiment
st Due: Thu 07/02
Answers
Answer:
i think they must be able to create good hypothesis based on research.
they must be able to create good hypothesis based on research.
Explanation:
Veterinary Science!!
Aiden must prepare a research paper on an endoparasite that is a common danger to dogs. Which parasite will Aiden
MOST likely discuss in his paper?
heartworms
fleas
ticks
mites
Answers
What is Earth's atmosphere made of?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Earth's atmosphere is composed of about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, 0.9 percent argon, and 0.1 percent other gases. Trace amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and neon are some of the other gases that make up the remaining 0.1 percent
What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both
develop from the same fertilized egg?
O A. differentiation
O B. natural selection
O C. selective breeding
O D. genetic engineering
Need ASAP!
Answers
Answer:
Im pretty sure its A.
Explanation:
=just took the teskst
Answer: The correct answer is A. differentiation
Explanation: Confirmed correct.
Describe geologic processes. How have they changed the surface of the earth ? (give examples)
Answers
hormones are chemical messengers that are transported by the bloodstream and stimulate physiological responses in cells of another tissue or organ.
Answers
True, hormones are chemical messengers that are transported by the bloodstream and stimulate physiological responses in cells of another tissue or organ.
The chemical messengers of the body, hormones communicate with tissues and the bloodstream. Hormones affect a variety of bodily functions, including growth and development, metabolism—the process through which your body converts food into energy—sexual function, reproduction, and mood. Hormones are the important regulators of the body activity and regulate various functions.
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Which TORCH infection could be contracted by the infant because the mother owned a cat?
A. Toxoplasmosis
B. Varicella-zoster
C. Parvovirus B19
D. Rubella
Answers
The most appropriate answer in this context is A. Toxoplasmosis
The TORCH acronym stands for a group of infections that can be transmitted from a mother to her unborn baby during pregnancy. Each letter in the acronym represents a specific infection.
Toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which can be found in cat feces.
If a pregnant woman comes into contact with the parasite through handling cat litter or contaminated soil, she can transmit the infection to her baby.
Varicella-zoster (B) is the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles. It is not directly associated with owning a cat.
Parvovirus B19 (C) is the virus responsible for fifth disease, a mild childhood illness. It is typically not related to cat ownership.
Rubella (D) is caused by the rubella virus. It is also not directly associated with cat ownership.
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In vesicular transport, __________ transport materials into and out of the cell using _______.
Answers
Endocytosis and exocytosis transport materials into and out of the cell using vesicles.
Endocytosis is called the process by which cells incorporate into them molecules, large or small, which are covered by the formation of a vesicle that detaches into the cell, forming phagocytic vesicles.In exocytosis, the proteins or molecules produced in the endoplasmic reticulum are wrapped in a vesicle towards the Golgi apparatus, where they are released to be used by other cells or by the body in different processes.Therefore, we can conclude that exocytosis and endocytosis are the biological processes responsible for the transport of particles and substances into and out of the cell.
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Answer:
Vesicles, Energy
Explanation:
what are the importance of labour as a factor of production
Answers
Answer:
hope this is useful
Explanation:
Labour is an active factor of production. It is the factor that starts production. Land and Capital alone cannot start production, so they are passive factors. They need the active factor of production, i.e. labour to be productive themselves.
During genetic modification,
A. A prokaryote is changed into a eukaryote.
B. A cell takes in DNA from another source .
C. A cell's own DNA is inserted into a plasmid
D. A cell is mutated .
Answers
Answer: B
Explanation: I believe that during genetic modification dna is taken from an outside source
where would you most likely find a tlr that recognizes molecules on the surface of a microbe i.e. lps?
Answers
TLRs (Toll-like receptors) are a type of receptor protein found on the surface of various cells of the immune system that recognize molecules commonly found on the surface of microbes, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and peptidoglycan.
In particular, TLR4 is known to specifically recognize LPS, which is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. TLR4 is primarily found on the surface of immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, which are responsible for detecting and responding to foreign pathogens. The TLR4 receptor is located on the surface of these immune cells, where it can bind to LPS molecules on the surface of invading bacteria and trigger an immune response. Thus, TLR4 plays a key role in the innate immune response to bacterial infections.
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movement of food through the digestive tract results from the action of
Answers
Answer: swallowing is ur answer
which of the following factors would not increase the virulence of a specific microbe
Answers
The presence of a microbe in small numbers would not increase its virulence.
Virulence refers to the ability of a microorganism to cause disease or harm within a host. Factors that enhance virulence typically involve mechanisms that allow the microbe to evade or overcome the host's immune system and cause more severe damage.
Options a, b, and d are all factors that can increase the virulence of a microbe. Secretion of toxins can directly damage host cells and tissues, leading to disease progression. Bacterial pili, which are hair-like appendages on the surface of some bacteria, can aid in attachment to host cells and enhance the ability to invade tissues. Secretion of invasive enzymes can facilitate the penetration of the microbe into host tissues and contribute to the spread of infection.
However, the presence of a microbe in small numbers alone does not necessarily increase its virulence. Virulence is more dependent on the specific mechanisms and factors employed by the microbe to establish infection and cause harm, rather than the numerical abundance of the microbe. In fact, some highly virulent pathogens can cause severe disease even when present in relatively small numbers due to their potent virulence factors and the ability to evade host defenses.
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The complete question is:
Which of the following factors would not increase the virulence of a specific microbe?
a. secretion of toxins. b. presence of bacterial pili. c. presence in small numbers. d. secretion of invasive enzymes.What are Lysosomes responsible for in the cell
A. storing nutrients
B. protein synthesis
C. cleaning up the cell
Answers
C. cleaning up the cell. Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids can all be broken down by the variety of enzymes found in lysosomes, and membrane-enclosed organelles.
What functions does the lysosome perform?Every eukaryotic cell has membrane-bound organelles called lysosomes. They are well-known as terminal catabolic stations that eliminate waste from cells and scavenge metabolic raw materials to maintain vital biosynthetic reactions under famine.
Are nutrients stored in lysosomes?Aside from storing and supplying nutrients, the lysosome also produces building blocks (such as amino acids), recycles nutrition and growth factor receptors, and takes part in the quality assurance for crucial metabolic organelles.
Are proteins recycled by lysosomes?Human cells' lysosomes capture and degrade defective proteins to recycle amino acid building blocks.
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the genome is essentially equivalent to all of the genetic information that is present in a single ______ set of chromosomes.
Answers
The genome is essentially equivalent to all of the genetic information that is present in a single haploid set of chromosomes.
A genome refers to the complete set of DNA that an organism possesses, including all of its genes and other genetic elements. In most organisms, this DNA is organized into chromosomes, which are long, linear structures made up of DNA and associated proteins. A haploid set of chromosomes refers to the complete set of chromosomes that an organism possesses in its gametes (sex cells), which only contain one copy of each chromosome. Therefore, the genome can be thought of as all of the genetic information contained within a single haploid set of chromosomes.
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The formation of sediment is driven by energy from...
A. Earths interior
B. The sun
C. The outside layer
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the compression of material overtime
A stem cell divides by mitosis to yield either two daughter cells that are stem cells like itself, or one that is a stem cell and one that is a partially specialized _____ cell.
Answers
Of the elements chonps, which is NOT found in DNA?
Answers
Answer: sulfur? sorry if im wrong tho
Of the elements CHONPS, the element which is not found in DNA is known as Sulfur. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is DNA?DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It may be defined as a type of molecule that contains the genetic information responsible for the development and function of an organism. It is present in the nucleus of the cell. DNA is the most common type of genetic material among living organisms.
Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA. These nucleotides consist of nucleotide bases, pentose sugar, and phosphate groups. Covalent bonding and hydrogen bonding are required to support the formation of this structure.
Of the elements, CHONPS, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus are most frequently found in the structural morphology of DNA.
Therefore, of the elements CHONPS, the element which is not found in DNA is known as Sulfur. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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Why only part of the leaf is covered with a cardboard strip
Answers
Covering only part of a leaf with a cardboard strip is a deliberate experimental manipulation used to investigate the effects of light availability on plant responses. It allows researchers to create different light conditions and compare the physiological and developmental changes between the covered and uncovered portions of the leaf. This experimental design provides valuable insights into plant adaptation to light and the underlying mechanisms of light perception and response.
Covering only part of a leaf with a cardboard strip in a scientific experiment or observation is typically done to investigate the effects of light availability on plant physiology and development. It allows researchers to create different light conditions and compare the responses between the covered and uncovered portions of the leaf. This experimental design provides valuable insights into the role of light in various plant processes.
When a cardboard strip is placed over part of a leaf, it acts as a barrier that blocks or reduces the amount of light reaching that specific area. This manipulation enables researchers to simulate shade conditions and study the adaptive responses of plants to varying light levels.
By comparing the covered and uncovered portions of the leaf, scientists can observe and measure the differences in photosynthesis, growth, and other physiological processes. For example, they can assess how light availability affects chlorophyll production, stomatal conductance, leaf expansion, and overall plant performance.
This experimental approach also helps in understanding the mechanisms of light perception and signal transduction in plants. By examining the responses of the covered and uncovered parts, researchers can investigate how plants adjust their physiological and developmental processes to optimize light capture and energy utilization.
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