Characterising the soil fungal microbiome in metropolitan green spaces across a vegetation biodiversity gradient

A DNA fingerprint uses specific regions of the DNA that vary between individuals, such as short tandem repeats (STRs), to differentiate between two people.

DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a technique that analyzes specific regions of an individual's DNA to create a unique profile. Although humans share a high percentage of DNA with one another, there are still differences in the genetic sequences within certain regions of the genome. These differences, known as polymorphisms, are the basis for DNA fingerprinting. By analyzing these polymorphisms, forensic scientists can differentiate between individuals and exclude others who do not share the same DNA profile.

There are several types of polymorphisms that can be used in DNA fingerprinting, including short tandem repeats (STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). STRs are repeating sequences of DNA that vary in length between individuals. SNP's are single nucleotide variations in the genetic code that can be used to identify specific genetic markers. The combination of these polymorphisms provides a unique genetic profile for each individual, which can be used for identification purposes.

Overall, DNA fingerprinting is a highly accurate method for identifying individuals, as the probability of two unrelated individuals sharing the same DNA profile is extremely low. Despite the high percentage of shared DNA among humans, the small differences in genetic sequence are enough to create a distinct genetic profile for each individual.

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

your welcome luv <3

The correct three water sources of a river system are rivers, streams,  and watersheds.

A river system is  the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin

The water sources of a river system include the followings;

Thus, the correct three sources of a river system are rivers, streams,  and watersheds.

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Standard curves can be used to quantify the amount of DNA present in a sample. It involves a series of multiples of a known quantity of DNA. By plotting the generated cycle threshold (Ct) values versus the log of the number of copies of target DNA, three standard curves are generated.

The first curve results in a linear relationship between the log of the number of target DNA copies and the measured Ct values. This implies that for each additional log unit of input target DNA, the Ct will increase by the same amount. The second curve involves a curved relationship between the log of the number of target DNA copies and the measured Ct values.

The third curve is an exponential curve with a high correlation between the log of the number of target DNA copies and the measured Ct values. The advantage of using this method is that it can measure a wide range of DNA concentrations, from high to low.

Furthermore, this technique is more accurate than traditional dilution experiments and does not require expensive laboratory instruments or tedious manual calculations.

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Correct question is :

graph three standard curves by plotting Ct values versus the log of the number of copies of target DNA. explain this verse.

The hypothesis about the dwarf planet Pluto is falsifiable. This means that the hypothesis can be tested through experiments or observations to determine whether it is true or false.

The hypothesis that Pluto is made of ice, can be tested by observing the planet's surface and analyzing its composition. If the results show that Pluto is not made of ice, then the hypothesis is proven false.
On the other hand, a non-falsifiable hypothesis is one that cannot be tested or proven false. For example, if the hypothesis is that Pluto is the most beautiful planet in the solar system, this cannot be tested or proven false because beauty is a subjective concept and cannot be measured objectively.
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Image is not provided in the question, so the image is attached below.

Answer:

Fewer plants

Explanation:

The region X in Venn diagram represents fewer plants in the region.

As the regions marked X represents  fast-flowing areas of rivers and streams which can be possible if the flow of water get less obstruction in its way, so if their will be fewer plants, river will get less resistance and can flow faster.

Other option do not affects the flow of water.

Hence, the correct option is fewer plants.

Answer:

Because lakes are often large and deep, little sunlight reaches the bottom. The lack of sunlight and resulting cold temperatures limit the number of plants that can grow beneath the water. Therefore, most of the plant growth in lakes is limited to shallow areas near the shore, where there is a lot of sunlight.

Explanation:

Answer:

antibiotics resistant occur when the body build up a resistance to antibiotics

Answer: C, Fertilization

Answer: C) Fertilization

Explanation: took the quiz

Analogous structures demonstrate that identical selective pressures might result in similar adaptations, whereas homologous structures indicate evidence for shared ancestry. biological molecules' distinctions and similarities.

If two or more species have similar physical characteristics, it's possible that all of them inherited them from a common ancestor. Homologous structures are traits that are similar because they have a common ancestor. A structural homology is the comparable bone arrangement in the forelimbs of humans, birds, and whales.

With a large upper "arm" bone and a smaller lower "leg" bone, the flipper of a whale, the wing of a bat, and the leg of a cat are all strikingly similar to the human arm.

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The answer is diffusion.

Answer B and D can immediately be eliminated so you're left with A and C. The reason it's diffusion is because it is moving any material from high to low concentration. Osmosis is only moving water from high to low concentration.

The correct statement regarding the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) is that it is produced during pregnancy and is used as a marker for pregnancy tests. (A)

HCG is produced by the placenta and enters the bloodstream, where it can be detected in urine and blood tests. Its levels increase rapidly during early pregnancy and can indicate the presence of a fertilized egg.

HCG is also used in some fertility treatments to stimulate ovulation.However, its use as a weight loss supplement is not supported by scientific evidence and can have harmful side effects.(A)

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Complete question:

regarding the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg), which of the following statements is correct?

A) It is used as marker for pregenency test

B) It is used to detmine month of pregenency.

C) It is used to count the number of pregnency for an individual

D) It is used to check  health post pregnency

For this, if able you can use or try and find a way to measure with or without a ruler.

Comparing the number of colonies on different pairs of plates provides insights into the experimental outcomes. The comparisons help assess the effects of adding plasmid DNA, antibiotics (such as Ampicillin), and chromogenic substrates (like X-gal) to the growth medium.

The results indicate successful plasmid uptake, antibiotic selection, and gene expression, providing information about the experimental success and the presence of desired genetic modifications.

a. LB+ plasmid and LB- plasmid:

Comparing the number of colonies on these plates allows us to assess the effect of adding plasmid DNA to the LB medium. If there are significantly more colonies on the LB+ plasmid plate compared to the LB-plasmid plate, it suggests that the plasmid DNA successfully transformed the bacterial cells and allowed them to grow. The presence of colonies on the LB+ plasmid plate indicates successful plasmid uptake and expression.

b. LB/Amp-plasmid and LB/Amp/X-gal-plasmid:

This comparison helps determine the impact of adding the antibiotic Ampicillin (Amp) and the chromogenic substrate X-gal to the LB medium containing plasmid DNA. If there are more colonies on the LB/Amp-plasmid plate compared to the LB/Amp/X-gal-plasmid plate, it suggests that Ampicillin successfully selected for bacterial cells that have taken up the plasmid. Additionally, if blue/white colonies are visible on the LB/Amp/X-gal-plasmid plate, it indicates successful expression of the lacZ gene, which encodes β-galactosidase.

c. LB/Amp+plasmid and LB/Amp-plasmid:

This comparison helps assess the impact of adding the antibiotic Ampicillin to the LB medium, regardless of plasmid presence. If there are significantly more colonies on the LB/Amp+plasmid plate compared to the LB/Amp-plasmid plate, it suggests that Ampicillin effectively selected for bacterial cells that have taken up the plasmid.

d. LB/Amp/X-gal+plasmid and LB/Amp/X-gal-plasmid:

This comparison focuses on the impact of adding both Ampicillin and X-gal to the LB medium containing plasmid DNA. If there are more colonies on the LB/Amp/X-gal+ plasmid plate compared to the LB/Amp/X-gal-plasmid plate, it suggests that Ampicillin effectively selected for bacterial cells that have taken up the plasmid. Furthermore, the presence of blue/white colonies on the LB/Amp/X-gal+plasmid plate indicates successful expression of the lacZ gene, which encodes β-galactosidase.

Overall, these plate comparisons provide information about plasmid uptake, antibiotic selection, and gene expression in bacterial cells, enabling insights into the success of the experimental procedures and the presence of desired genetic modifications.

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Answer:

The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration

Answer:

Explanation:

ions and molecules moving across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration that are helped by enzymes and requiring energy.

Answer:

grasshopper and rabbit

Explanation:

Plants provide shelter and shade from the sun which support the emergence of land animals. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

The area of the planet that is home to all forms of life, including animals, plants, and microorganisms, is referred to as the biosphere.

Because they are the main creators of all other organisms, plants have a significant place in the biosphere. This indicates that these organisms are the ones responsible for the production of organic compounds, which are then taken in by other creatures. They do this via a process known as photosynthesis, which utilises the light energy provided by the sun.

They provide shelter to many birds and animals like a home. Also, they provide food for birds, animals and human beings in the form of leaves, vegetables, fruits and roots

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All the alleles present in all individuals in a species are referred to as the gene pool of that species.

In the field of population genetics, the gene pool is the total set of genes and their variations that exist within a population of a particular species. The gene pool includes both dominant and recessive alleles and all of the various genotypes that can be produced from them.Gene pool can vary from one population to another, and they can change over time within a population due to various factors such as natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and other factors.

The size and diversity of the gene pool are crucial to the survival and evolution of a species. A larger gene pool provides a greater potential for genetic variation and adaptability to changing environmental conditions. In contrast, a smaller gene pool may reduce the ability of a population to adapt to new challenges and increase the risk of genetic diseases and other issues. So therefore gene pool is all the alleles present in all individuals in a species of that species.

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The function of pituitary gland is;

Am given just a brief detail about these three;

The function of thyroid gland are as follows;

This gland has two lobs and obviously these 2 lobs contains two different hormone, these are;

Photosynthesis has a role in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms. The flow of energy and cycling of matter can be traced. The chemical reaction by which plants produce complex food molecules (sugars) requires an energy input (i.e., from sunlight) to occur.

Answer:

with which question?

Explanation:

I have chosen an article titled "Selective Breeding in Livestock: Advantages, Limitations, and Applications" published in the journal Frontiers in Genetics.

The article "Selective Breeding in Livestock: Advantages, Limitations, and Applications" offers a valuable exploration of selective breeding practices in livestock. It discusses the advantages of selective breeding, such as the improvement of desirable traits, increased productivity, and disease resistance. The article also addresses the limitations and challenges associated with selective breeding, including reduced genetic diversity and potential negative effects on animal welfare in GMO technologies. Moreover, the article presents various real-world examples of selective breeding in livestock, ranging from dairy cattle and poultry to pigs and sheep. These examples highlight the practical applications of selective breeding techniques in achieving specific breeding goals and meeting the demands of the livestock industry.

I chose this article because it provides a comprehensive and scientifically grounded examination of selective breeding in the context of livestock. It offers a balanced view by discussing both the benefits and limitations of this practice. Additionally, the inclusion of real-world examples adds practical relevance to the topic. Overall, this article serves as a reliable and informative resource for understanding the concepts and applications of selective breeding in livestock.

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Answer:

B) male father determine the gender of child

Answer:

oxygen is given off during photosynthesis as a waste product

Explanation:

this is something that only plants and some algae and bacteria can do. they take sunlight and combined C02 and H20. they create glucose (C6H1206) and oxygen gas (02).

Answer:

It is more intense near the equator than it is near the poles due to the Sun's energy. You have warm air over the equatorial regions, and cool air over the polar regions, and these air masses constantly interact with each other, which is crucial to Earth's climate.

Explanation:

When the wave's amplitude is equal to half of this height (H), the wave's amplitude is 0.5 H.

The amplitude of waves is the maximum height attained by the wave. The amplitude of a wave is the maximum vertical displacement of the wave.

When the wave's amplitude is equal to half of this height, the amplitude is calculated as follows;

Let the height = H

Amplitude = 0.5 H

Thus, when the wave's amplitude is equal to half of this height (H), the wave's amplitude is 0.5 H.

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The trimeric receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, acts as a powerful inhibitor of ACE2 receptor-mediated viral entry.

By binding to ACE2, the RBD effectively competes with the virus for receptor binding, preventing the virus from attaching and gaining entry into host cells. This inhibitory action blocks the initial step of viral infection, thereby reducing viral load and potential replication. The trimeric RBD's potency as an inhibitor highlights its potential as a target for therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission.

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Answer:

Biosphere, Biome,  Ecosystem, Biological Community, Population, Organism, Organ, and  Cell.  

Explanation: Hope this Helped! :)

The levels of organization within the biosphere in order of increasing complexity are as follows:

The levels of organization in living organisms can be initiated with the cell. This is because a cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. And all organisms are composed of cells.

The cluster of cells togetherly forms tissue in order to play the same function. The arrangement of tissues gives rise to organs. Organs make the organ system which finally gives rise to the complete organism.

The collection of organisms of the same species is known as the population. The Population is known as the unit of evolution. Population forms a biological community, which then assembles to form an ecosystem.

Therefore, the levels of organization within the biosphere in order of increasing complexity are mentioned appropriately.

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Answer:

stratum lucidum layer

hope this helps :)

Answer:

Lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.

Explanation:

These carbon-based molecules make up all organisms and living things. These 4 molecules are the four major types of carbon based molecules

Lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates are the four main types of carbon based biomolecules.

Biomolecules can be defined as the basic component of all living cell and it is the primary building blocks like Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Nucleic Acids.

Carbohydrates or sugars are the primary energy source of body which are composed of polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones formed by hydrolysis reaction; It can be monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and  polysaccharides.

Proteins are the structural unit and it express character of a gene and synthesized by translation from RNA; It is a polymers of amino acids, can be up primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary protein.

Nucleic acids are the house of all genetic material of the cell which  are up two types namely, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Lipids are insoluble substance as it can not dissolve in water, soluble in only in non-polar solvents, include sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, mono-, di- or triglycerides, phospholipids, etc.

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Answer:

1 sugar

2 Nitrogen base

3 Double helix

4 Thymine

5 adenin

6 Cystenine

7 Guanine

8 Nucleotide

9 Phosphate