Determine whether the following electron configurations are representative, transition, or noble-gas elements.
Answers
Noble gas configuration for elements is 1. [Ne] 3s² 3p5, 2. [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴, 3. [Ar] 4s² 3d⁵4. noble gas element in period 4 (krypton). 5. [Kr] 5s² 4d¹⁰.
Describe Noble Gas?Noble gases are a group of chemical elements found in group 18 of the periodic table. They are also known as inert gases because they are very stable and non-reactive due to their outermost electron shells being completely filled with electrons. The noble gases include helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn).
Noble gases are odorless, colorless, and tasteless. They have very low boiling points and exist as gases at room temperature and pressure. They are all monatomic, meaning that their atoms exist independently rather than bonded to other atoms in molecules.
Noble gases are used in various industrial applications, such as in lighting (neon lights), welding (argon), and cryogenics (helium). They are also used in medical applications, such as in MRI machines and anesthesia.
This electron configuration represents a non-metal element in group 17 (halogens). The noble gas configuration for this element is [Ne] 3s² 3p5.
This electron configuration represents a non-metal element in group 16 (chalcogens). The noble gas configuration for this element is [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴.
This electron configuration represents a transition metal element in period 4. The noble gas configuration for this element is [Ar] 4s² 3d⁵.
This electron configuration represents a noble gas element in period 4 (krypton).
This electron configuration represents a transition metal element in period 5. The noble gas configuration for this element is [Kr] 5s² 4d¹⁰.
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Related Questions
there are several isomers with the formula c3h9n. one of them cannot form an h-bonding interaction with another identical molecule, but can do so with a water molecule. draw that isomer.
Answers
The isomer that cannot form an H-bonding interaction with another identical molecule, but can do so with a water molecule, is the primary amine isomer (C3H9N).
The primary amine isomer (C3H9N) has the following structure: H3C-CH2-CH2-NH2.This isomer cannot form H-bonding interactions with another identical molecule because it lacks a hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen atom. In order for H-bonding to occur between two molecules, there must be a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine) and a lone pair of electrons on the electronegative atom.
In the case of the primary amine isomer, there is only one hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen atom, and it is already involved in forming an H-bond with a water molecule.However, the primary amine isomer can form an H-bonding interaction with a water molecule. The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom can act as a hydrogen bond acceptor, while the hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen can act as a hydrogen bond donor. This interaction can occur between the lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom of water and the hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen of the primary amine isomer.
In summary, the primary amine isomer (C3H9N) cannot form an H-bonding interaction with another identical molecule due to the lack of a hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen. However, it can form an H-bonding interaction with a water molecule.
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How many grams of CO₂ gas would occupy 33.7 L of volume at a temperature of
-22.2°C and a pressure of 990 mm Hg?
1.3atm
Answers
Let's see
moles of CO_2
PV=nRTn=PV/RTn=990(33.7)/(251.8)(8.314)n=15.9molMass of CO_2
Molar mass×n15.9(44)699.6gCalculate the period when the frequency is 50Hz.
Answers
Answer:
For example, a wave with a time period of 2 seconds has a frequency of 1 ÷ 2 = 0.5 Hz. A radio wave has a time period of 0.0000003333333 seconds.
The chlorophyll processes the ingredients to make
(plant food) and
Answers
The chlorophyll processes the ingredients to make
(plant food) and
Answer:
oxygen
Explanation:
6. An iron nail is kept in each of the following liquids. In which case does it lose shine and appear dull a. mustard oil b.kerosen c. soft drink
Answers
Answer:
Answer is 'b' Soft drink
Explanation:
An iron nail kept in a soft drink will lose its shine and appear dull. Because mustard oil, coconut oil, and kerosene have no reaction with iron nails, they do not lose their shine when maintained in these solutions.
alpha-amylase breaks what type of glycosidic bonds?
Answers
Alpha-amylase breaks the alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds found in starch molecules.
Alpha-amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch, a type of polysaccharide composed of glucose monomers. Starch is a major carbohydrate storage molecule in plants and is also an important component of the human diet.
When alpha-amylase encounters a starch molecule, it binds to the polysaccharide chain and cleaves it into smaller pieces, called dextrins, by breaking the alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds between glucose monomers.
The resulting dextrins can then be further broken down into glucose by other enzymes, such as beta-amylase and glucoamylase.
Alpha-amylase is produced by various organisms, including humans, animals, and bacteria. In humans, alpha-amylase is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas and is involved in the initial breakdown of starch in the mouth and small intestine, respectively.
Overall, alpha-amylase plays an important role in the digestion and utilization of starch as a source of energy.
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Alpha-amylase breaks α-1,4-glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules in polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen.
Alpha-amylase breaks glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules in polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen. It specifically targets the α-1,4-glycosidic bond, which is the bond between two glucose units connected in a linear chain. This enzyme hydrolyzes this bond, releasing maltose and shorter polysaccharide chains.
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What household items contain Ammonium Fluoride?
Answers
Explanation:
used as rust remover or paint remover
31.The following equation represents which of the following types of reaction?4 H3PO4 ---> P4 + 5 O2 + 6 H2OSelect one:a. Decomposition.b. Double replacement.c. Single replacement.d. Synthesis.
Answers
Answer
A. Decomposition.
Explanation
A decomposition reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which one reactant breaks down into two or more products.
A solution is made containing 8.4 g
of potassium nitrate per 125 g of
water.
What is the weight/weight % or
percent by mass of the solute?
Answers
The percent by mass : 6.3%
Further explanationThe concentration of a substance can be expressed in several quantities such as moles, percent (%) weight/volume,), molarity, molality, parts per million (ppm) or mole fraction. The concentration shows the amount of solute in a unit of the amount of solvent.
mass of potassium nitrate = 8.4 g⇒solute
mass of solution = mass of solute+mass of solvent(water)mass of potassium nitrate + mass of water = 8.4 g + 125 g =133.4 g
Percent by mass of the solute :
\(\tt =\dfrac{mass~solute}{mass~solution}\times 100\%\\\\=\dfrac{8.4}{133.4}\times 100\%\\\\=6.3\%\)
A decomposition reaction starts with one reactant and ends up with two or more
products. Which of the following reactions are decomposition reactions?
NaCl --> Na+ Cl2
H2+02 --> H20
NaOH + HCI--> HOH + NaCl
O H2O --> H2 + O2
O Na + Cl2--> NaCl
Answers
Answer:
2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂
2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂
Explanation:
2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂
2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂
The reactions shown above is a decomposition.
In a decomposition reaction or cracking, two or more products are formed from a single product.
The breakdown of a compound into its components as individual elements or other compounds falls into this category of reactions.
Cracking is a sort of decomposition reactions that is used in petroleum industries to sort the fractions of a compound.
The strength of a substance's intermolecular attraction (the attractions between its molecules) can vary. A weaker attraction means the molecules will be farther apart, whereas a stronger attraction means they will be closer together.
Intermolecular attraction helps determine a substance's state of matter. For most substances, the attraction is weakest in the _______ state and strongest in the _______ state.
A.
solid; gas
B.
solid; liquid
C.
gas; solid
D.
liquid; gas
Answers
Intermolecular attraction helps determine a substance's state of matter. For most substances, the attraction is weakest in the gas state and strongest in the solid state.
Intermolecular forces, such as electromagnetic fields of attraction and repulsion that act between atoms along with various kinds of nearby particles, such as atoms or ions, mediate interactions between molecules. In comparison to intramolecular forces, which bind a molecule together, intermolecular forces are weak.
For instance, the forces between adjacent molecules are substantially weaker than the covalent bond, which involves sharing pairs of electrons between atoms. Intermolecular attraction helps determine a substance's state of matter. For most substances, the attraction is weakest in the gas state and strongest in the solid state.
Therefore, the correct option is option C.
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3. A chemical spill releases 55 gallons of 5 Molar sodium cyanide into a river over a period of 45 minutes. The river channel is 25 m wide and 2 m deep (assume rectangular) with a flow velocity of 0.8 m/s. To calculate the initial concentration, assume that total mass of spilled cyanide mixes with the volume of water that flows past during the spill. A) What is the initial concentration? B) The cyanide is lost from the river with a rate constant of 0.05hr−1. The longitudinal dispersion coefficient is 30 m2/s. What would be the maximum concentration of the plume 5 km downstream from the spill? C) How long would it take the plume to reach this location? (See example problem 4.8)
Answers
To solve this problem, we'll need to use some equations related to flow rate, concentration, and dispersion. Let's go step by step:
A) To calculate the initial concentration, we'll determine the total mass of sodium cyanide spilled and then divide it by the volume of water that flows past during the spill.
First, let's convert the volume of the spilled cyanide from gallons to cubic meters:
55 gallons * (3.78541 liters/gallon) * (1 cubic meter / 1000 liters) = 0.2081975 cubic meters
Next, we calculate the total mass of sodium cyanide:
Total mass = Volume * Molarity * Molar mass
Total mass = 0.2081975 m^3 * 5 mol/m^3 * 49.01 g/mol (molar mass of sodium cyanide)
Total mass = 51.028462 g
Now, we need to determine the volume of water that flows past during the spill. Since the spill lasts for 45 minutes, the flow rate can be calculated as follows:
Flow rate = Width * Depth * Velocity
Flow rate = 25 m * 2 m * 0.8 m/s
Flow rate = 40 m^3/s
The volume of water that flows past during the spill is then:
Volume of water = Flow rate * Time
Volume of water = 40 m^3/s * 45 minutes * (1 hour / 60 minutes)
Volume of water = 30 m^3
Finally, we can calculate the initial concentration:
Initial concentration = Total mass / Volume of water
Initial concentration = 51.028462 g / 30 m^3
B) To determine the maximum concentration of the plume 5 km downstream from the spill, we need to consider the dispersion and the loss rate of cyanide.
The maximum concentration can be calculated using the following equation:
Maximum concentration = Initial concentration * exp(-(k + D * x / v))
Where:
k is the loss rate constant (0.05 hr^-1),
D is the longitudinal dispersion coefficient (30 m^2/s),
x is the distance downstream (5 km = 5000 m), and
v is the flow velocity (0.8 m/s).
Maximum concentration = Initial concentration * exp(-(0.05 hr^-1 + 30 m^2/s * 5000 m / 0.8 m/s))
C) To determine how long it would take for the plume to reach this location, we can rearrange the equation above and solve for time (t):
t = x / (v * [ln(Maximum concentration / Initial concentration) + k])
t = 5000 m / (0.8 m/s * [ln(Maximum concentration / Initial concentration) + 0.05 hr^-1])
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Carbon in the ocean originates from the atmosphere.
Please select the best answer from the choices provi
Answers
The given statement "Carbon in the ocean originates from the atmosphere" is true because Carbon is one of the most vital elements on Earth and is involved in various biogeochemical cycles, including the carbon cycle.
Carbon is found in the Earth's atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, which is the interconnected system of living organisms and their environment.The carbon cycle is a natural process in which carbon is exchanged between these reservoirs. Carbon is taken up from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) and water into organic compounds such as sugars and starches.Ocean water, which is about 96.5 percent of the Earth's total water, absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Dissolved carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid when it reacts with water, reducing the ocean's pH and causing ocean acidification.For more questions on the carbon cycle
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The correct question would be as
Carbon in the ocean originates from the atmosphere. Please select the best answer from the choices provided. True or False
how many moles of nickel(ii) iodide, nii2, are present in a sample that contains 7.18 moles of iodide ions?
Answers
The number of moles of nickel(II) iodide (NiI2) present in a sample containing 7.18 moles of iodide ions is 3.59 moles.
To calculate the moles of nickel(II) iodide, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the compound. The formula of nickel(II) iodide is NiI2, indicating a 1:2 ratio of nickel to iodide ions. Therefore, for every 2 moles of iodide ions, we have 1 mole of nickel(II) iodide.
Given that the sample contains 7.18 moles of iodide ions, we can calculate the moles of nickel(II) iodide using the stoichiometric ratio. Moles of NiI2 = Moles of I- / 2. Plugging in the values, we find that Moles of NiI2 = 7.18 moles / 2 = 3.59 moles. Hence, there are 3.59 moles of nickel(II) iodide in the sample.
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Si uno pone un hilo en un hielo y un poco de sal el hilo se levanta el hilo con el hielo. Por que sé relaciona con calor y temperatura, explique con sus propias palabras
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
El hielo encierra la primavera antes de espolvorear la sal.
Cuando se rocía sal sobre el hielo, disminuye el punto de fusión del hielo 32 ° F a un poco por debajo de 32 °, por lo tanto, se acumula.
A medida que el hielo se vuelve a congelar, encierra la primavera
All living organisms are made out of cells. Select three cell parts that all cells contain.
a. mitochondria
b.ribosomes
c.nuclei
d.cell walls
e.DNA
f.cell membranes
Answers
Answer:
cell membrane, ribosomes and dna..?
questionthe reaction is carried out at constant temperature inside a rigid container. based on this mechanism, which of the following is the most likely reason for the different rates of step 1 and step 2 ?
Answers
The most likely reason for the different rates of step 1 and step 2 in a reaction carried out at constant temperature inside a rigid container is the difference in activation energies required for each step.
Activation energy is the energy barrier that must be overcome for a reaction to occur. In a reaction mechanism involving multiple steps, each step may have a different activation energy requirement. The step with a lower activation energy will typically occur at a faster rate compared to the step with a higher activation energy. In the given scenario, where the reaction is carried out at a constant temperature inside a rigid container, the conditions remain constant throughout the reaction. Therefore, the difference in rates between step 1 and step 2 is likely due to the difference in activation energies for each step. If step 1 has a lower activation energy, it will have a faster rate because more reactant molecules can overcome the energy barrier and proceed to the product formation. Conversely, step 2 with a higher activation energy will proceed at a slower rate since fewer reactant molecules can reach the required energy threshold for the reaction to take place.
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If Half- life of an isotope is 30 days and it was assumed that
the person ate 100 Bq of isotope. Using the GI track model
information, calculate the number of transformations in
Stomach
Answers
If Half- life of an isotope is 30 days and it was assumed that the person ate 100 Bq of isotope, there are 50 transformations in the stomach.
The radioactive decay of a sample of an isotope can be characterized by the half-life of that isotope. When a radioisotope undergoes decay, its nucleus becomes unstable, and it emits particles or energy to become more stable. The half-life of an isotope is the time it takes for half of the original sample to decay. The question states that the half-life of an isotope is 30 days, and the person ingested 100 Bq of isotope. It also says to calculate the number of transformations in the stomach using GI track model information .
Since the isotope has a half-life of 30 days, we can use the following formula to find the number of transformations in the stomach:` N = N₀ (1/2)^(t/T₁/₂)`where: N₀ = initial number of nuclei N = final number of nuclei (after time t)T₁/₂ = half-life of the isotope The isotope has a half-life of 30 days, so T₁/₂ = 30 days. The question doesn't specify how long the person has had the isotope in their stomach, so we'll assume it's been there for one half-life, or 30 days. Therefore, t = 30 days.
Substituting into the formula:` N = 100 (1/2)^(30/30)`Simplifying:` N = 100 (1/2)^1`Evaluating:`N = 50`So after 30 days in the stomach, the person would have 50 Bq of the isotope left. Therefore, the number of transformations in the stomach is the difference between the initial number of transformations (100 Bq) and the final number of transformations (50 Bq):`Number of transformations in stomach = 100 - 50 = 50 transformations. Therefore, there are 50 transformations in the stomach.
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Li and S - covalent or ionic bond?
Answers
Answer:
It is an ionic bond.
Explanation:
Ionic bonds occur when a metal and a nonmetal combine, while covalent bonds occur between two nonmetals. Lithium is a metal and sulfur is a nonmetal.
Water is superheated under pressure to 200oC and 750 atm has Kw =1.5 x 10-11. What is [H3O + ] and [OH- ] at 200oC? Is the water acidic, basic, or neutral?\
Answers
The answer is [H3O+] = 3.87×\(10^{-6}\) and [OH-] =3.87×\(10^{-6}\).
Ionic product of water (Kw): It is the product of hydrogen ion concentration and hydroxide (hydronium) ion concentration.
\(K_{w} = [H^{+}]. [OH^{-}]\)
How to determine hydronium ion and hydroxide ion concentration of water?
Water undergoes self ionization as-\(2H_{2}O\)⇔\(H_{3}O^{+} +OH^{-}\)Thus, let x M of both hydroxide and hydronium ions are produced.The ionic product of water is written as-\(K_{w} = 1.5 * 10^{-11} = (x) * (x)\)Solve for x:\(1.5 * 10^{-11} = (x)^{2} \\x = 3.87 * 10^{-6}\)
Hence, [H3O+] = 3.87×\(10^{-6}\) and [OH-] =3.87×\(10^{-6}\).As the concentration of hydronium ions and hydroxide ion is same, thus, water is neutral in nature.To learn more about water visit:
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The answer is [H3O+] = 3.87× and [OH-] =3.87×.
Ionic product of water (Kw):
The product of hydrogen ion concentration and hydroxide (hydronium) ion concentration.
Let's see how to determine the hydronium ion and hydroxide ion concentration of water?
Water undergoes self-ionization as:
Thus, let x M of both hydroxide and hydronium ions be produced.
The ionic product of water is written as-
Solve for x:
Hence, [H3O+] = 3.87× and [OH-] =3.87×.
As the concentration of hydronium ions and hydroxide ion is the same, thus, water is neutral.
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how many grams of c8h18 could be combusted by this quantity of o2 , assuming complete combustion with formation of co2 and h2o ?
Answers
Based on the equation of the reaction;
a. the number of moles of oxygen, n = 0.00374 moles
b. the moles of CₐH₁₈ required = 0.00044 moles
What are the moles of oxygen in the given volume of air?The number of moles of oxygen in the given volume of air is calculated using the ideal gas equation.
The ideal gas equation is given below:
PV = nRT
where;
P is pressureV is volumen is the number of molesR is molar gas constant = 0.082 L.atm/mol/KT is temperatureData given:
P = 0.980 atm; V = 525 cm³ or 0.525 L; T = 71°C or 344 K;
The number of moles of oxygen, n = 0.205 * 0.98 * 0.525 / (0.082 * 344)
The number of moles of oxygen, n = 0.00374 moles
b. The equation of reaction is given below:
2 CₐH₁₈ + 17 O₂ ---> 16 CO₂ + 18 H₂O
Moles of CₐH₁₈ required = 0.00374 * 2/17 moles
Moles of CₐH₁₈ required = 0.00044 moles
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Complete question:
Assume that a single cylinder of an automobile engine has a volume of 525 cm3 .
part A: If the cylinder is full of air at 71 ∘C and 0.980 atm, how many moles of O2 are present? (The mole fraction of O2 in dry air is 0.2095.)
part B: How many grams of C8H18 could be combusted by this quantity of O2, assuming complete combustion with formation of CO2 and H2O? i got the answer for part A, i just cant seem to get part B correct
all zero greenhouse gas emission fuel sources are also renewable.
a. true b. false
Answers
"All zero greenhouse gas emission fuel sources are also renewable". The statement is false.
While many renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower produce zero greenhouse gas emissions, not all zero-emission fuels are renewable.
For example, nuclear power is a zero-emission source of electricity, but it is not considered a renewable energy source because it relies on the mining and processing of non-renewable uranium.
Renewable energy sources are defined as those that can be replenished naturally and sustainably within a human timescale. These include solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass. Zero-emission fuels refer to any fuel source that emits no greenhouse gases during use, such as hydrogen fuel cells.
While renewable energy sources often overlap with zero-emission fuels, not all zero-emission fuels are renewable. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between the two terms when discussing the sustainability and environmental impact of different energy sources.
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Give the relative rates of reaction of the four carboxylic acid derivatives below with methylamine to give an N-methyl amid Most reactive 2nd most reactive 3rd most reactive Least reactive
Answers
The second most reactive of the four carboxylic acid derivatives' relative reaction rates.
What do carboxylic acids do in the body?However, carbonic acid, not carboxylic acid, is present in human blood. It performs its function in the respiratory system, where it is in charge of concluding the hormonal process that enables breathing. The process is as follows: Blood is transported to the tissues and organs after it has been oxygenated.
Is carboxylic acid bad for people?The screening assessment resulted in the conclusion that none of the four chemicals in the carboxylic acid group are hazardous to the environment or to human health at the present exposure levels.
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Which of the following characterizes a reaction at equilibrium?
Answers
A reaction comprises a reactant and a product. It is said to be in equilibrium when the rates for the forward and reverse reactions are equal. Thus, option D is correct.
What is an equilibrium reaction?An equilibrium reaction is a thermodynamic condition where the reactants and the products are at a stable position even before and after the reaction. They remain fixed and do not vary with the addition of any catalyst.
In the equilibrium position, the reaction rate of the forward (product formation) and reverse (reactant formation) remains the same and is seen in the reversible reactions only.
The amount of the products and the reactant remains constant till the temperature is constant but may vary if the tempearture is varied.
Therefore, the rate of reverse and forward are equal in the equilibrium reaction.
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Will give brainliest
What type of bond is formed between atoms of a molecule of the product of this reaction? How can you determine which type of bond is formed between these atoms?
2 H2(g) + O2(g)⇒ 2 H2O(l)
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
A decomposition reaction occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products. This can be represented by the general equation: AB → A + B. Examples of decomposition reactions include the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, and the breakdown of water to hydrogen and oxygen.
Answer:
Covalent bond
Explanation: Hydrogen and Oxygen are both non-metals, with a low difference in electronegativity. They will share electrons.
Thomson's experiments with cathode rays determined that atoms contained even smaller particles called
Answers
Answer:
it's called electrons, negatively charged particles
Which statement describes a endothermic reaction? A. Energy is created in the reaction B. No energy is transferred by the reaction C. Energy is absorbed by the reaction D. Energy is released by the reaction
Answers
There are two types of reactions, they are exothermic and endothermic. In endothermic reaction, Energy is absorbed by the reaction. The correct option is C.
What is endothermic reaction?The chemical reactions which proceed with the absorption of heat energy are defined as the endothermic reactions. In this reaction, system gains heat and hence the enthalpy change is found to be positive.
In endothermic reactions, since heat energy is absorbed, the enthalpy of the products will be more than that of the reactants. In exothermic reactions, system loses heat to the surroundings and hence the enthalpy change is negative.
The endothermic reactions can lower the temperature of their surrounding area and thereby creates a cooling effect. As a result of this reaction the entropy of the surroundings decreases. Melting of ice is an example of endothermic reaction.
Thus the correct option is C.
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If the following elements were to form ions, they would attain the same number of electrons as which noble gas?
a. He
b. Ne
c. Ar
d. Kr
Answers
He: Be
Ne: F, Al
Ar: Ca, P
Kr: Rb, Se
Identify the fundamental particles that make up a proton.
Answers
Answer:
The three main quarks that make up a proton are two up quarks and one down quarks which is the main reason protons are positive aswell.
The element hydrogen contains particles of
OA. water and carbon.
OB. hydrogen only.
OC. hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. OD. oxygen and carbon.
Please HELP!
Answers
Answer:
B. hydrogen only.
Explanation:
The element hydrogen is a made up of only hydrogen atoms which are the particles in the element.
Hydrogen is an element. It has distinct hydrogen atoms that typifies it.
Water and carbon is not a hydrogen element. They contain hydrogen, oxygen and carbon.An element is a distinct substance that is made up of one kind of atom. The only kind of atom in element hydrogen is those hydrogen itself.