If both mother and father are heterozygous for a trait showing simple dominance, what is the probability that one of their future children will show that trait

The following which best describes the three known cause of foodborne illness include the following:

This is referred to a type of illness which is caused when food substances are consumed as a result of their contamination by different microbes such as bacteria etc.

Poor hand washing causes this type of illness because the germs in the hands come in contact with the food thereby resulting in it being eaten and then causing problems in the body.

Another cause of  foodborne illness is lack of temperature control due to the fact that some food favor the growth of microbes when they aren't stored under the right temperature. This is the reason why refrigerators are used to store food so as to inhibit the growth of bacteria and prevent it from spoiling.

Read more about Foodborne illness here https://brainly.com/question/535955

#SPJ1

Answer:

rabies , Tick-borne encephalitis

Explanation:

Answer:

look at the bottom

Explanation:

Acute - the most common diseases caused by acute viral infections are encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, aseptic meningitis, post infectious and encephalomyelitis.

Answer:

There are many methods to directly measure biomass of herbaceous plants, but, it is difficult to estimate biomass of shrubs and trees. Peak standing crop may be difficult to measure in ecosystems with a large variety of species because each species will generally reach it's peak phytomass at a different time of year.

Explanation:

The loss of biodiversity could affect humans by leading to the loss of potential medicine, foods and products and is therefore denoted as option B.

This refers to the variations which exists between organisms which are present in different types of ecosystem.

Lack of variation means there will be shortage of organisms which have differences in their traits or features. This isn't ideal because these differences may be as a result of natural selection which makes them fitter therefore having more beneficial properties.

These are therefore the most appropriate ways in which the loss of biodiversity affect humans.

Read more about Biodiversity here https://brainly.com/question/11542363

#SPJ1

The four mechanisms by which B cells generate antibodies that can bind to a huge diversity of epitopes are the rearrangement of antibody gene segments via combinatorial joining, insertion of nucleotides during combinatorial joining, mutations in the genes encoding antibodies, and variable splicing of antibody genes. Thus, the correct answers are 2-5-1-4.

Immunoglobulin molecules (аntibodies) fаcilitаte numerous cellulаr аnd humorаl reаctions to а vаriety of аntigens, including those of the host (self) аnd foreign substаnces. The immunoglobulin repertoire is provided by the process of somаtic germ line recombinаtion, which is the only controlled аlterаtion of the genomic DNА аfter meiosis. It tаkes plаce in mаmmаliаn B lymphocyte (B cells) precursors in the bone mаrrow. The genome germ line sequence of undeveloped B cells is orgаnized in gene segments аnd compromise V (vаriаble), D (diversity), аnd J (joining) gene segments constituting the vаriаble domаin of the heаvy chаin аnd only V аnd J genes for building up the vаriаble domаin of the light chаin.

Thus, the correct answers are 2-5-1-4.

Learn more about antibodies: https://brainly.com/question/445604

#SPJ11

Spaces between cells is called interstitial .

In the region between the vascular endothelium as well as the alveolar epithelium can be considered as the interstitial cells,  and this can be seen to have more than one third of the lung's cells.

It should be noted that any cell that resides in the spaces between a tissue's functioning cells can be regarded to as the interstitial cell and some of these cell is the Cajal's interstitial cell (ICC) Leydig cells, that s located  in the male testes and are in charge of producing androgen (the male sex hormone), a section of the ovary's stroma.

Learn more about cells at:

https://brainly.com/question/13920046

#SPJ1

The solution that will decrease in volume when a semipermeable membrane is placed between them is the hypertonic solution.

To determine which solution will decrease in volume when a semipermeable membrane is placed between them, we need to consider the principles of osmosis.

Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (usually water) across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. The direction of water movement depends on the relative concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane.

If a solution has a higher solute concentration compared to another solution, it is considered hypertonic. If it has a lower solute concentration, it is hypotonic. If the solute concentrations are equal, the solutions are isotonic.

In the context of this question, if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell. In this case, water will flow out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Therefore, in the scenario described, the hypertonic solution will decrease in volume as water moves out of it.

To know more about semipermeable membrane, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/737703

#SPJ11

Individual I-1 is heterozygous (Aa) for the dominant trait. This is because they have a child (II-1) who is homozygous recessive (aa). The only way for this to happen is if individual I-1 is heterozygous.

Pedigree analysis: A pedigree is a diagram that shows the inheritance of a trait from parents to offspring. In this pedigree, the dominant trait is represented by a solid symbol and the recessive trait is represented by an open symbol.

Genotype: The genotype of an individual is their genetic makeup, or the combination of alleles that they have for a particular trait. The phenotype of an individual is their physical appearance, which is determined by their genotype and the environment.

Heterozygous: An individual is heterozygous for a trait if they have one dominant allele and one recessive allele. This means that they have the potential to express the dominant trait, but they may also express the recessive trait if they are in an environment that is not favorable for the dominant trait.

Homozygous: An individual is homozygous for a trait if they have two copies of the same allele for that trait. This means that they will always express the trait, regardless of the environment.

Find out more on dominant trait here: https://brainly.com/question/16616523

#SPJ1

The answer is C) banker's acceptances. Banker's acceptances are short-term instruments used in trade finance that are guaranteed by a bank.

What is Secondary Market?

The secondary market refers to a financial market where previously issued securities, such as stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments, are bought and sold among investors. It allows investors to trade securities they already own, providing liquidity and enabling them to find buyers or sellers more easily.

They are typically used in international trade transactions to facilitate payment between a buyer and seller. Banker's acceptances are not as widely traded in the secondary market as other money market securities such as Treasury bills or commercial paper. As a result, they are generally considered to have a weaker secondary market.

Learn more about Secondary Market from the given link

https://brainly.com/question/15087498

#SPJ1

DNA Ligase enzyme is responsible for covalently bonding new nucleotides to the new DNA strand.

The two DNA molecules are joined by covalent bonds created by the enzyme DNA LIGASE. This enzyme, which the cell often uses for DNA replication, is a DNA pasting enzyme that helps to link the strands by catalyzing the formation of covalent bonds between nearby nucleotides. A plasmid with recombinant DNA is the end result.

By facilitating the formation of a phosphodiester bond, the enzyme known as DNA ligase makes it easier to link DNA strands together. It helps living things repair single-strand breaks in their duplex DNA, while other varieties (like DNA ligase IV) may only repair double-strand breaks (i.e. a break in both complementary strands of DNA). In order to fully repair the DNA after a single-strand break, DNA ligase constructs the last phosphodiester bond using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template.

know more about nucleotide here

https://brainly.com/question/16308848?#

#SPJ4

Answer:

flooding of a river

Explanation:

Many cities are located along rivers and could cause businesses to shut down

Answer:

When the pancreas doesn't naturally secrete digestive enzymes, it affects your body's ability to break down the foods you eat and absorb nutrients. This can lead to malnutrition as well symptoms such as bloating, cramping, gassiness, and diarrhea.

Explanation:

Answer:

concentration gradient

Explanation:

concentration refer to number of ions on either side of membrane

gradient :difference in concentration on both sides of membrane

on this basis:

one side of membrane: higher concentration of h+ ion

other side of membrane :lower concentration f h+ ions

pumps transport ions from higher concentration side to lower concentration side of membrane

Sewage sludge is sometimes used as a fertilizer, unless it is contaminated with toxic substances.

Sewage sludge is the semi-solid waste generated from wastewater treatment. It contains microbes, organic compounds, heavy metals, and other contaminants.The use of sewage sludge is an environmentally beneficial option for recycling nutrients and organic matter back to the soil. Agricultural, reclamation, and mine land use are the most common applications of sewage sludge. It is also used as a fuel for generating heat and electricity.

Sewage sludge must be treated before being released into the environment due to the presence of pathogens and other contaminants. Sewage sludge may contain pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that cause human disease. It may also contain toxic substances like heavy metals, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, which can harm the environment and public health. Therefore, sewage sludge needs to be treated to reduce these contaminants to safe levels.However, if the sewage sludge is contaminated with toxic substances, it should not be used as fertilizer.

To know more about sewage sludge visit:

https://brainly.com/question/10156015

#SPJ11

The rate of the interest of the loan is  3% of the principal.

The simple interest would be charged only on the principal sum that has been borrowed and we know that the amount that we have can be obtained as the difference between the amount and the principal.

We then have;

I  = PRT/100

But;

I = A - P

I = $7840.00 -  $7000.00

I = $840.00

840 = 7000 * R * 4/100

R = 84000/700 * 4

R = 3%

What would accrue would be based on an interest of 3%.

Learn more about simple interest:brainly.com/question/25845758

#SPJ1

Answer:

The mass number (symbol A, from the German word Atomgewicht [atomic weight]),[1] also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus. It is approximately equal to the atomic (also known as isotopic) mass of the atom expressed in atomic mass units. Since protons and neutrons are both baryons, the mass number A is identical with the baryon number B as of the nucleus as of the whole atom or ion. The mass number is different for each different isotope of a chemical element. Hence, the difference between the mass number and the atomic number Z gives the number of neutrons (N) in a given nucleus: N = A − Z.[2]

The mass number is written either after the element name or as a superscript to the left of an element's symbol. For example, the most common isotope of carbon is carbon-12, or 12

C

, which has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. The full isotope symbol would also have the atomic number (Z) as a subscript to the left of the element symbol directly below the mass number: 12

6C

.[3]

Answer:

D

Explanation:

phosphorus is usually not shown in gas form

Answer:

Due to dominant trait.

Explanation:

The best explanation for this result is that grey colour is dominant trait due to which all of the progeny appears grey while in the second example, black colour is dominant trait which appears in the all the offspring of moth. In the offspring, only that trait becomes visible which is dominant while the trait which does not appear is known as recessive trait so that's the reason due to which grey in the first and black colour in the second becomes visible.

Answer:

A) oxygen

Explanation:

The gas given off will most probably be oxygen gas.

The student will most likely collect the oxygen gas.

The Punnett square for the given dihybrid cross is as follows:

   |   I      i

-------|-------------

G | IG iG

g | Ig ig

The possible offspring genotypes and phenotypes can be determined from the Punnett square:

IG - Inflated pod, green color

iG - Constricted pod, green color

Ig - Inflated pod, yellow color

ig - Constricted pod, yellow color

Therefore, the possible offspring from the cross would be a combination of inflated or constricted pod shape and green or yellow pod color.

Learn more about Dihybrid cross here

https://brainly.com/question/30239727

#SPJ11

Question:-

Read the genetic problem involving dihybrid cross. Use Punnett square to predict the possible offspring, A. In peas, inflated pod shape (I) is dominant over constricted pod () and green pod color (G) is dominant to yellow pod). A pea plant having homozygous inflated pod (II) and has yellow pod color is cross-pollinated with a pea plant that is heterozygous inflated (II) and heterozygous (Gg green pod. o Ig Ig Ig Ig IG Ig iG ig 12 Phenotypic ratio: Genotypic ratio: B. Guide Questions: 1. What are the male gametes? Female gametes? 2. How many kinds of genotypes will the offspring have? 3. What is the probability that an offspring will have a genotype of . b. lgs c. ligg d. ligg

The ETC could get new electrons from NADH and move \(H^{+}\) into the intermembrane space. Which is how Jared's cells were able to make ATP again.

An electron transport chain is a collection of protein complexes and other molecules that use redox reactions to transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors while also transporting protons across a membrane.

The electron transport chain (ETC) and chemiosmosis are two components of oxidative phosphorylation. The ETC is a collection of proteins and organic molecules bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane that electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions to release energy. The electron transport chain's primary function is to generate an electrochemical gradient. It is responsible for ATP synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts during cellular respiration and photosynthesis, respectively. It is necessary for cellular respiration.

To learn more about electron transport chain, here

https://brainly.com/question/24372542

#SPJ4

The Great Sphinx of Giza, which is located in Egypt, is an ancient structure that was built with its face toward the direction where the sun rises on the first day of spring.

The Sphinx is specifically oriented to face the rising sun during the spring equinox, which takes place around March 20th each year. On the Giza Plateau, next to the Great Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx is placed. It is believed to have guarded the pharaoh's grave.

One of many examples of the relevance of astronomical observations in ancient cultures and the significance of the changing seasons and celestial events in their beliefs and rituals is the alignment of the Sphinx with the rising sun on the spring equinox.

The Sphinx is a large sculpture that shows a legendary monster with a lion's body and a human head. It is assumed that it was built when Pharaoh Khafre, who ruled from approximately 2558 to 2532 BCE, was in power.

Learn more about Great Sphinx of Giza

https://brainly.com/question/28267903

#SPJ4

Answer:

Van Leeuwenhoek

Explanation:

not much to explain. Van was the one who called them animalcules.

it involves negative feedback loop

Explanation:

the loop allows living organisms to maintain homeostasis

Seismic waves can help scientists to determine the structures of Earth’s interior because: A. Seismic waves travel through different materials at different speeds.

An epicenter can be defined as the point on the surface of planet Earth, which is typically perpendicular to the hypocenter (focus) and it indicates where the seismic waves from an earthquake are most intense.

Similarly, the location of an earthquake’s epicenter and seismic waves are used as an evidence to study Earth’s interior (inner core).

In conclusion, seismic waves can help scientists to determine the structures of Earth’s interior because they travel through different materials at different speeds.

Read more on seismic waves here: https://brainly.com/question/6835759

Answer:

Seismic waves travel through different materials at different speeds.

Explanation:

Both statements e) and f) are partially correct, but they are incomplete and do not give a full picture of the resting potential of a neuron.

At rest, the neuron has a resting membrane potential of around -70mV. This is maintained by the combined forces of two opposing gradients: the concentration gradient and the electrical gradient.

The concentration gradient refers to the tendency of ions to move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. In the case of the resting neuron, there is a higher concentration of K+ ions inside the cell compared to the outside, and a higher concentration of Na+ ions outside the cell compared to the inside.

The electrical gradient refers to the tendency of ions to move towards areas of opposite charge. In the case of the resting neuron, the inside of the cell is negatively charged compared to the outside, which means that positively charged ions like K+ and Na+ are attracted to move into or out of the cell depending on their charge.

Statement e) is partially correct in that the electrical gradient favors Na+ ions moving into the cell, but the concentration gradient actually favors K+ ions moving out of the cell, not Na+. Statement f) is partially correct in that both the electrical and concentration gradients favor K+ ions moving out of the cell, but it does not mention the fact that the electrical gradient actually favors Na+ ions moving into the cell.

Therefore, a more complete and accurate statement would be:

""At rest, the electrical gradient favors Na+ ions moving into the cell while the concentration gradient favors K+ ions moving out of the cell. The electrical and concentration gradients both favor K+ ions moving out of the cell, but the electrical gradient also favors Na+ ions moving into the cell.""

Click the below link, to learn more about Neuron:

https://brainly.com/question/31215300

#SPJ11

Answer:

carbon dioxide

your welcome

The part of a skeletal muscle that is attached to a fixed structure is called the origin.

The natural process through which life has evolved from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds, is known as abiogenesis or the origin of life in biology. According to the prevailing scientific theory, the evolution of non-living things into living things took place over the course of an increasingly complex evolutionary process that included the emergence of cell membranes, the creation of a planetary body, the prebiotic synthesizing of organic compounds, molecular self-replication, self-assembly, and autocatalysis. Different parts of the process have been the subject of numerous proposals. Understanding how pre-life chemical processes give rise to life in circumstances that were very dissimilar from those on Earth right is the goal of the field of abiogenesis research.

To learn more about the origin, Visit:

https://brainly.com/question/14075787

#SPJ4

Answer:

Invasion by the malaria parasite brings about extensive changes in the host red cells. These include loss of the normal discoid shape, increased rigidity of the membrane, elevated permeability to a wide variety of ionic and other species, and increased adhesiveness, most notably to endothelial surfaces.    Now, sickle cells have membranes, stretched by their unusual shape, that become porous and leak nutrients that the parasites need to survive and the faulty cells eventually get eliminated quite fast by the organisms, destroying the parasite along the way.

I hope this helps :)