21. the ramachandran plot describes the peptide conformation by illustrating the position of the dihedral angles that can rotate. disallowed dihedral angles arise due which of the following? b. c. main-chain clashes from the bulky carbonyl oxygen or amide nitrogen with other main-chain atoms or side-chains d. all of the above e. none of the above

Answer:

1.  Place in a platic bag and use a magnet to attract the iron filings.  [See explanation for an alternative step].

2. Disolve the remainer in water

3.  Pass the liquid through a microporous filter to capture the undissolved sulfur

4.  Evaporate the filtered water to retrieve iron chloride crystals

Explanation:

The Fe(II) chloride will dissolve in water.  It is paramagnetic, and thus is weakly attracted to a magnet.  The process above should not result in attracting the solid Fe(II) crystals.  In fact, it is probably acceptable to dissolve the entire sample in water as the fisrt step.  The dissolved Fe(II) chloride should also not be strongly attraced to a magnet, and htis step would allow easier separation of the iron filings.

Sulfur is not soluble in water, so it will collect as a dsolid in the microporous filter.

The Fe(II) has a high solubility, so it will wind up in the filtered soluition.  Evaopate using heat or vacuum to retrieve the solid Fe(II) chloride crystals (they will be hydrated).

Answer:

C3H2O1

Explanation:

The following data were obtained from the question:

Mass of compound = 0.144 g

Mass of CO2 = 0.352 g

Mass of H2O = 0.0480 g

Empirical formula of compound =?

Next, we shall determine the mass of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) present in the compound. This can be obtained as follow:

For carbon (C):

Molar mass of CO2 = 12 + (2×16)

Molar mass of CO2 = 44 g/mol

Mass of CO2 = 0.352 g

Mass of C in the compound

= 12/44 × 0.352

= 0.096 g

For Hydrogen (H):

Molar mass of H2O = (2×1) + 16

Molar mass of H2O = 18 g/mol

Mass of H2O = 0.0480 g

Mass of H in the compound

= 2/18 × 0.0480

= 0.0053 g

For oxygen (O):

Mass of O = mass of compound – (mass of C + mass of H)

Mass of compound = 0.144 g

Mass of C = 0.096 g

Mass of H = 0.0053 g

Mass of O = 0.144 – (0.096 + 0.0053)

Mass of O = 0.144 – 0.1013

Mass of O = 0.0427 g

Finally, we shall determine the empirical formula of the compound as follow:

C = 0.096 g

H = 0.0053 g

O = 0.0427 g

Divide both side by their molar mass

C = 0.096 / 12 = 0.008

H = 0.0053 / 1 = 0.0053

O = 0.0427 / 16 = 0.0027

Divide by the smallest

C = 0.008 / 0.0027 = 3

H = 0.0053 / 0.0027 = 2

O = 0.0027 / 0.0027 = 1

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is C3H2O1

4-iodobenzoic acid can be separated into cis and trans isomers. This statement is false.

Cis isomer refers to isomers in which two particular atoms or groups of atoms are on the same side of a bond. When two groups are present on opposite sides of the bond, the isomer is referred to as a trans isomer. Cis and trans are referred to as geometric isomers, and they only exist in compounds with specific bonds or functional groups.

The compound 4-iodobenzoic acid is an aromatic acid, and because it lacks a functional group with a double bond, it cannot have cis and trans isomers.  

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The total pressure of the mixture is 359.5 torr, that is calculated by using ideal gas equation.

Volume of N2, V1=4.0 L

Pressure of N2, P1=450 Torr=450/760 atm

Thus, number of moles of N2, n1= P1V1/RT

=(450/760)*4/0.082*338

=0.085 mol

Similarly,

Volume of O2, V2=3.5 L

Pressure of O2, P2=252 Torr=252/760 atm

Thus, number of moles of O2, n2= P2V2/RT

=(252/760)*3.5/0.082*338

=0.042 mol

Similarly,

Volume of CO2, V3=0.21 L

Pressure of CO2, P3=150 Torr=150/760 atm

Thus, number of moles of CO2, n3= P3V3/RT

=(2150/760)*30.21/0.082*338

=0.001 mol

Total number of moles = n1+n2+n3

=(0.085+0.042+0.21)

=0.128 mol

Total volume, V=7.5 L

Using, ideal gas law

Thus, total pressure, P=nRT/V

=0.128*0.082*338/7.5 atm

=0.473 atm

=0.473*760

=359.5 torr

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

A. a best guess explanation

Explanation:

A scientific theory explains why something behaves the way it does and is usually backed up by different sources. They are not speculations and can be proven. Those which are speculations and are not proven are called hypothesis. A scientific theory can also be replaced, if it is found that it does not produce valid results, or if a better theory is proposed which is made of one or more old theories.

Answer:

A major function of the Endomembrane system is

The endomembrane system (endo- = “within”) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.

Explanation:

The endomembrane system (endo = “within”) is a group of membranes and organelles (Figure 4.4. 1) in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. The endomembrane system is a series of compartments that work together to package, label, and ship proteins and molecules. In your cells, the endomembrane system is made up of both the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. These compartments are folds of membranes that form tubes and sacs in your cells.

Hoped this helped! :D

The phrase tells a major function of the Endomembrane system is "transporting substances in a cell" .

The endomembrane system consists of a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works hand in hand to enhance, package, and transport lipids and proteins.

Conclusively, the components of the endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes etc.

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Answer:

196.96657 u

Explanation:

Indications are important clues that can help identify the presence of a hazardous material at a scene. However, some indications are more specific than others. Out of the options given, the most specific indication for the presence of a hazardous material is B, The presence of a sign with an NFPA 704 placard. This is because an NFPA 704 placard provides specific information about the hazards associated with a particular material.

The NFPA 704 placard is a standard system used to identify hazardous materials stored in a facility or transported on a vehicle. The placard has four colored sections that indicate the level of hazard associated with the material: blue for health hazards, red for flammability, yellow for reactivity, and white for special hazards. Each section is given a number from 0 (no hazard) to 4 (severe hazard), allowing emergency responders to quickly identify the risks associated with the material.

In contrast, the other options given (fire, presence of storage tanks, and leaking liquid from a tanker truck) may or may not indicate the presence of a hazardous material. A fire could be caused by a variety of materials, and the presence of storage tanks or a leaking liquid may not necessarily indicate that the material is hazardous.

In summary, the presence of an NFPA 704 placard is the most specific indication for the presence of a hazardous material, as it provides specific information about the hazards associated with the material. It is important for emergency responders to be familiar with the NFPA 704 system and to use caution when responding to scenes where hazardous materials may be present.

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Answer:

Approx 32g

Explanation:

Oxygen has an atomic weight of 15.999. Times to is 32g

NH2 is the conjugate base of NH3.

The formula for the conjugate base is the formula for the acid minus one hydrogen. The reacting base transforms into its conjugate acid. The conjugate acid's formula is the base's formula plus one hydrogen ion.

Because it accepts a proton from acid to create the conjugate acid, NH3 is a weak base, as seen in the reaction that follows. A weak base thus produces a strong conjugate acid, proving that it is a strong base. According to this notion, NH3 is a weak base since NH4+ is a strong conjugate acid.

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Answer:

Methyl orange is an indicator which turns yellow in an alkaline solution.

Answer:

i think its (methyl orange)

Chemical reaction

equation

reactants

products

yields

mass

balanced

atoms

coefficients

numbers

element

correct

substance

two

Explanation:

did my best lol I'm like 98.69% confident

Answer:

In the new investigation, the weight of water is predicted to be 360 grams after 72 hours. This demonstrates that mass is conserved in a system over time.

Explanation:

According to Table 1, the weight of 100 grams of water after 72 hours is 107 grams. Therefore, the weight of 300 grams of water after 72 hours can be calculated by multiplying the weight gained by 3 (since 300 g is three times 100 g).Weight gained = 107 g - 100 g = 7 g

Weight gained for 300 g of water = 7 g x 3 = 21 g

Weight of 300 g of water after 72 hours = 300 g + 21 g = 321 gThis demonstrates that water gains weight in a closed system over time, possibly due to the absorption of dissolved gases or minerals from the container.

The purpose of the experiment is to observe the effects of natural selection on the populations of different types of organisms in simulated environments.

2. The independent variable is the type of organism or trait being observed, and the dependent variable is the number or frequency of organisms with that trait after a certain time. The control variables include the initial number of organisms and the duration of the tests.

3. A hypothesis based on observations and scientific principles should be written. For example, if observing the effect of camouflage on moth populations, a hypothesis could be: "Moths with better camouflage will survive and reproduce at a higher rate, leading to an increase in the frequency of the camouflaged trait in the population over time."

4. Experimental Methods: Describe the tools used to collect data. For example, a counting sheet and a calculator.

5. Describe the procedure followed to conduct the experiment, including setting up the simulated environment, releasing the organisms, and recording the number or frequency of organisms with a certain trait over time.

6. Data and Observations: Record observations of the initial number of organisms and the number or frequency of organisms with a certain trait after each test.

7. Create a table to organize the data collected. The table should include the type of organism or trait being observed, the initial number of organisms, and the number or frequency of organisms with that trait after each test.

Conclusions:

Draw conclusions about how natural selection leads to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time. Provide an evidence-based claim that is supported by the data collected.

For example, "Organisms with advantageous traits have a better chance of surviving and reproducing, leading to an increase in the frequency of those traits in the population over time."

Make a prediction about what would happen if one of the variables in the experiment was changed. Explain the prediction using a cause-and-effect relationship based on the observations and scientific principles.

For example, "If the simulated environment was changed to have a different type of predator, the frequency of the camouflaged trait may change, as the predator may have different visual sensitivities that make different colors or patterns more or less visible."

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The complete part of the question in the picture

Adaptations and Population Changes

It’s time to complete your Lab Report. Save the lab to your computer with the correct unit number, lab name, and your name at the end of the file name (e.g., U2_ Lab_AdaptationsAndPopulationChanges_Alice_Jones.doc).

Introduction

1. What was the purpose of the experiment?

Type your answer here:

2. What were the independent, dependent, and control variables in your investigation? Describe the variables for the simulation with the moths and birch trees.

Type your answer here:

3. Write a hypothesis based on observations and scientific principles.

Experimental Methods

1. What tools did you use to collect your data?

2. Describe the procedure that you followed to conduct your experiment.

Type your answer here:

Data and Observations

1. Record your observations.

Type your answer here:

Table 1. Number of Moths in Birch Tree Simulation

Type of moth (color) Initial number of moths Number of moths after test 1 Number of moths after test 2 Number of moths after test 3

Pink and yellow 5

Blue and white 5

White with black spots 5

Black with white spots 5

Table 2. Number of Moths in Flower Simulation.

Type of moth (color) Initial number of moths Number of moths after test 1 Number of moths after test 2 Number of moths after test 3

Pink and yellow 5

Blue and white 5

White with black spots 5

Black with white spots 5

Conclusions

1. What conclusions can you draw about how natural selection leads to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time? Write an evidence-based claim.

Type your answer here:

2. Predict what would happen to the number of each type of moth if the pink flowers were replaced with blue ones. Explain your prediction using a cause-and-effect relationship.

Answer:D

Explanation:

The Terrestrial Planets. From top: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, are called terrestrial because they have a compact, rocky surface like Earth's terra firma. The terrestrial planets are the four innermost planets in the solar system.

To solve this, we must know each and every concept that is related to electrolytic solution. Therefore, In solution, an electrolyte produces ions. The correct option is option A.

In chemistry and physics, an electrolyte is a substance that conducts electric current by separating into positively and negatively charged particles known as ions, which migrate toward and are normally released at the negative and positive terminals.

Acids, bases, and salts are the most common electrolytes, which ionize when saturated in solvents such as water or alcohol. An electrolyte readily dissociates into ions in solution.

Therefore, in solution, an electrolyte produces ions. The correct option is option A.

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The correct answer is c. proximal tubule: site of secretion of organic anions and cations.

The proximal tubule is a crucial part of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. It is responsible for the reabsorption of important solutes and water from the filtrate, as well as the secretion of organic anions and cations. The secretion of these substances is essential for maintaining proper electrolyte balance and eliminating waste products from the body.

The other options provided are not accurately matched with their functions. The ascending limb of the loop of Henle primarily functions in the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions, not the secretion of potassium (K+). The descending limb of the loop of Henle is involved in the passive reabsorption of water, rather than the transport of solutes. Lastly, the distal tubule plays a role in the fine-tuning of electrolyte balance and regulation of acid-base balance, but the main site of reabsorption of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) occurs in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, not the distal tubule.

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Answer:

i think 50C

Explanation:

It only makes since cause if its 4.43 and u want the volume to be 3.13 it has to me 50C

Use Charles law

\(\\ \rm\rightarrowtail V_1T_2=V_2T_1\)

\(\\ \rm\rightarrowtail 4.43T_2=(70)(3.13)\)

\(\\ \rm\rightarrowtail 4.43T_2=219.1\)

\(\\ \rm\rightarrowtail T_2=49.4°C\)

(1) The balanced equation is: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)

(2)The balanced equation is: 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g).

1. The reaction between sulfur dioxide and oxygen involves the combination of two gases to form a different gas. To balance the equation, we need to ensure that the number of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The balanced equation is:

  2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)

2. The reaction between ammonia and oxygen leads to the formation of nitrogen monoxide and water. Again, we must balance the equation by adjusting the coefficients in front of the formulas. The balanced equation is:

  4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)

By balancing the chemical equations, we ensure that the law of conservation of mass is satisfied, with the same number and type of atoms on both sides of the reaction.


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The cell’s pressure potential or ψp is 2.44 bars if the cell contains 0.6M glucose at 20°c with its surrounding solution containing 0.5M glucose.

As;

ψoutside = ψcell ( here ψ represents water potential)

Therefore;

ψp outside + ψs outside = ψp cell + ψs cell ( Since, ψ = ψp + ψs)

As ψs = -iCRT, therefore

0 + (-iCRT outside) = ψp cell + (-iCRT cell)

In iCRT, i represents the ionization constant

C represents the Molar concentration

R represents the Pressure constant 0.0831 liter bars/mole at degrees Kelvin

T represents temperature (degree kelvin)

Substituting the values;

(-1)(0.5M)(0.0831)(20 + 273) = ψp - (1)(0.6M)(0.0831)(20 +273)

-12.17 = ψp cell - 14.61

ψp cell = (-12.17) + 14.61

ψp cell = 2.44 bars

Therefore, the cell’s pressure potential (ψp) is calculated to be 2.44 bars if the cell contains 0.6M glucose at 20°c with its surrounding solution containing 0.5M glucose.

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You use E/Z nomenclature when you need to specify the configuration of double bonds in organic compounds.

The E/Z nomenclature is applied to compounds with non-identical substituents attached to the carbon atoms of a double bond. This system allows for the unambiguous description of the spatial arrangement of these substituents. To assign E or Z, follow these steps:

1. Identify the double bond and the two carbon atoms involved.
2. Determine the priority of the substituents attached to each carbon atom, based on their atomic numbers (higher atomic number = higher priority).
3. Compare the positions of the higher-priority substituents on each carbon atom.
4. If the higher-priority substituents are on opposite sides of the double bond, assign the configuration as E (Entgegen, meaning opposite). If they are on the same side, assign the configuration as Z (Zusammen, meaning together).

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According to kinetic theory of gases, when samples are heated from liquid to gas phase, particles move faster and spread out more. Hence, option a is correct.

According to kinetic theory of gases. Gaseous substances are made of tiny particles called molecules. The molecules within a container are in a state of random chaotic motion during which they collide with  each other.

At, a particular instant, different molecules in a sample of gas may have different velocities and hence, different kinetic energies.  The kinetic energy of molecules is directly proportional to the temperature.

Hence, the the sample  when heated, the molecules acquire higher kinetic energy and they will move apart. Therefore, option a is correct according to kinetic theory.

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The condensation reaction between glycine and alanine yields the dipeptide glycylalanine, also known as alanylglycine or glycyl-l-alanine.

This molecule is formed when the carboxyl group (-COOH) of glycine reacts with the amino group (-NH₂) of alanine, resulting in the formation of a peptide bond (-CO-NH-). The condensation reaction involves the removal of a water molecule (H₂O).

Glycylalanine consists of glycine's amino group (NH₃⁺) attached to the carbon atom of alanine, and it is commonly found in various proteins. Its chemical structure is represented as NH₃⁺-CH₂-CO-NH-CH(CH₃)-COO-.

Dipeptides like glycylalanine play crucial roles in biological processes and contribute to the diverse functions and structures of proteins.

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Answer:  The color has changed or the formation of light and heat. Also, the temprature will change as well.

Explanation:

Answer:

The final pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to the volume change and directly proportional to temperature

Explanation:

Given

\(\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = k\)

Required

Interpret

\(\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = k\)

Multiply both sides by T1

\(T_1 * \frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = k * T_1\)

\(P_1V_1 = kT_1\)

Divide both sides by V1

\(\frac{P_1V_1}{V_1} = \frac{kT_1}{V_1}\)

\(P_1 = \frac{kT_1}{V_1}\)

This can be rewritten as:

\(P_1 = k\frac{T_1}{V_1}\)

In the above expression; k is a constant of proportionality.

So, the equation can be written as variation as follows:

\(P_1\ \alpha\ \ \frac{T_1}{V_1}\)

To interpret:

P varies directly to T (the numerator) and inversely to V (the denominator).

Answer:

Explanation:

Nitric Acid (HN03)

Zn(OH)2 + 2HNO3 ==> Zn(NO3)2 + 2HOH

Using limiting reactant, 22.8 grams of silver chloride are produced.

The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction and limits the amount of product that can be formed. It is the reactant that is present in the smallest stoichiometric amount compared to the other reactants involved in the reaction

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to calculate the amount of product that can be produced by each reactant and compare the results.

First, we need to convert the given masses of silver nitrate and iron (III) chloride into moles:

27.0 g AgNO₃ * (1 mol AgNO₃/169.87 g AgNO₃) = 0.159 mol AgNO₃

43.5 g FeCl₃ * (1 mol FeCl₃/162.2 g FeCl₃) = 0.268 mol FeCl₃

Next, we need to use the balanced chemical equation to determine the amount of product that can be produced by each reactant:

From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 3 moles of AgCl are produced for every 1 mole of FeCl₃ reacted.

Amount of AgCl produced by AgNO₃:

0.159 mol AgNO₃ * (3 mol AgCl/3 mol AgNO₃) = 0.159 mol AgCl

Amount of AgCl produced by FeCl₃:

0.268 mol FeCl₃ * (3 mol AgCl/1 mol FeCl₃) = 0.804 mol AgCl

Since AgNO₃ produces less AgCl (0.159 mol) than FeCl₃ (0.804 mol), AgNO₃ is the limiting reactant.

Finally, we can calculate the mass of AgCl produced using the amount of AgNO₃ reacted:

0.159 mol AgNO₃* (3 mol AgCl/3 mol AgNO₃) * (143.32 g AgCl/1 mol AgCl) = 22.8 g AgCl

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Answer:

The equilibrium concentration of chlorine gas, Cl₂(g), is 0.0625 M

Explanation:

Chemical equilibrium is established when there are two opposite reactions that take place simultaneously at the same speed, so that no changes are observed as time passes, despite the fact that the substances present continue to react with each other.

The mathematical expression that represents Chemical Equilibrium is known as the Law of Mass Action and is stated as: The ratio of the product of high concentrations to the stoichiometric coefficients in the reaction of products and reactants remains constant at equilibrium. For any reaction:

aA + bB ⇄ cC + dD

the equilibrium constant Kc is calculated as:

\(Kc=\frac{[C]^{c} *[D]^{d} }{[A]^{a} *[B]^{b}}\)

In this case, you have:

2 ICl(g) → Cl₂(g) + I₂(g)

So, the equilibrium constant Kc is:

\(Kc=\frac{[Cl_{2} ]*[I_{2} ]}{[ICl]^{2} }\)

Being:

Replacing:

\(0.1=\frac{[Cl_{2} ]*0.40 M}{(0.50 M)^{2} }\)

Solving:

\(0.1=\frac{[Cl_{2} ]*0.40 M}{0.25 M^{2} }\)

0.1= 1.6 \(\frac{1}{M}\)* [Cl₂]

[Cl₂]= 0.1 ÷ 1.6 \(\frac{1}{M}\)

[Cl₂]= 0.0625 M

The equilibrium concentration of chlorine gas, Cl₂(g), is 0.0625 M

The equilibrium concentration of chlorine gas, if the equilibrium concentrations of ICl(g) and I₂(g) are known to be 0.50 M and 0.40 M respectively is 0.0625M.

Equilibrium constant for any reaction will be define as the ratio of the concentration of products to the concentration of reactants with raise to their respective coefficients.

Given chemical reaction is:

2ICl(g) → Cl₂(g) + I₂(g)

Equilibrium constant for this reaction will be calculated as:

Kc = [Cl₂][I₂] / [ICl]², where

Kc = equilibrium constant = 0.10

[I₂] = concentration of iodine gas = 0.40 M

[ICl]² = concentration of ICl = 0.50 M = (0.50M)² = 0.25M²

[Cl₂] = concentration of chlorine gas = to find?

On putting all these values on the above equation and calculate for the value of [Cl₂] as follow:
[Cl₂] = Kc × [ICl]² / [I₂]

[Cl₂] = (0.10)(0.25) / (0.40)

[Cl₂] = 0.0625M

Hence, equilibrium concentration of chlorine gas is 0.0625M.

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